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Large Animal > Lab exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

T/F

60% of the body weight in a neonate is fluid

A

False

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2
Q

What are the goals for fluid therapy?

A

Maintain hydration status
Correct electrolyte imbalances
Correct acid base balance
Deliver hormones

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3
Q

T/F

The vascular fluid makes up the largest percentage of fluid in the body

A

False

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4
Q

The ‘bean’ is:

A

Smegma buildup within the urethral diveticulum of a gelding

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5
Q

T/F

Body condition is subjective information on the PE form

A

True

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6
Q

T/F

IV fluids ca be used to soften a colon impaction

A

True

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7
Q

T/F

The digital arteries are a good place to obtain a routine pulse rate on a very head-shy horse.

A

False

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8
Q

What restraint method could be applied in the most ‘severe’ fashion?

A

Stud chain

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9
Q

T/F

A hoof wrap is applied using a telfa, kling gauze and duct tape

A

False

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10
Q

When applying an equine bandage to the distal limb, it is important to apply tension over the ___ and not the ___.

A

Cannon, tendon

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11
Q

T/F

Obstruction is not a condition that has fluid and electrolyte loss

A

True

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12
Q

T/F

A sweat wrap may be used to help withdraw toxins from a wound.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the name of the tool that will file down the hoof?

A

Rasp

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14
Q

T/F

A horse might be shod to improve traction.

A

True

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15
Q

T/F

When giving an IV injection the vein must be held off while the drug is being administered.

A

False

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16
Q

T/F

A halter and lead rope may not be necessary when restraining a horse.

A

False

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17
Q

T/F

Acepromazine is the tranquilizer of choice for fractious stallions

A

False

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18
Q

T/F

For safety purposes, a person should stand close to the horse.

A

True

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19
Q

T/F

Leaning into a horse with constant, steady pressure is the most effective way to move a horse backwards or sideways?

A

False

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20
Q

A horse that is aggressive may:

A

Flatten it’s ears back
Ring it’s tail
Paw the ground

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21
Q

T/F

A 20g 1.5” needle would be the best choice for giving an adult horse an IM injection.

A

True

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22
Q

The purpose of a shipping wrap is to protect the ___ during transportation

A

Heel bulbs, cannons, fetlocks, and pasterns

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23
Q

The curry comb is used to:

A

Loosen hairs/dirt/debris from the skin

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24
Q

T/F

In order to have the most control while leading a horse, it’s important to wrap the excess lead rope around your hand

A

False

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25
Q

Thrush occurs in the:

A

Collateral sulcus

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26
Q

T/F

A horse that is resting a hind foot is usually upset

A

False

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27
Q

T/F

When approaching a horse, you should approach from the right side and cluck softly

A

False

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28
Q

T/F

When tying a horse to a stationary object, you should use a quick release knot at the level of the poll

A

False

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29
Q

T/F
The safest way to move around a horse is to be as close to the hindquarters as possible, using a firm touch and talking to them.

A

True

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30
Q

T/F
When placing a bandage on the distal limb of a horse, it is acceptable to place one of your knees on the ground to stabilize yourself.

A

False

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31
Q

T/F

The curry comb should never be used on the lower limb of the horse

A

True

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32
Q

T/F

Thrush is commonly seen in moist, muddy conditions

A

True

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33
Q

T/F

A halter, lead rope, and a twitch should be in place during all medical procedures.

A

False

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34
Q

T/F

The pectoral muscles are a site that may be used for IM injection in the horse.

A

True

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35
Q

T/F
The proper method for obtaining a respiratory rate in horses is to watch the nostrils for 15 seconds and multiply that number by 4.

A

False

36
Q

T/F

When auscultating the lungs of a horse, it is normal to hear loud, prominent lung sounds.

A

False

37
Q

T/F

When bandaging, the vetwrap is applied distal to proximal to prevent pooling of blood in the extremity

A

False

38
Q

T/F
Animal medical Drug Use Clarification Act states that there must be a valid patient-client-vet relationship in order to use a drug “extra label”

A

True

39
Q

T/F

The preferred injectable route of administration in beef cattle is subcutaneous.

A

False

40
Q

T/F

Diethyl Stilbestrol must NEVER be used in cattle for any reason

A

True

41
Q

T/F

Naxel is an acceptable antibiotics for use in food animals

A

True

42
Q

T/F

Banamine is a commonly used NSAID for a horse that is colicky

A

True

43
Q

T/F

Acepromazine can safely be given as a tranquilizer to geldings

A

True

44
Q

T/F

The normal volume for bull ejaculate is about 5 mls

A

True

45
Q

T/F

It is acceptable practice to use an electro-ejaculator for a fractious stallion.

A

False

46
Q

T/F

Bull semen collection is performed by using an androgenized steer, never a cow

A

True

47
Q 
T/F
Rapid cooling (cold shock) can cause motility and morphology in sperm.
A

True

48
Q

T/F

80% of body weight is water in the adult horse

A

True

49
Q

T/F

Total protein will increase to >8.0g/dl in an animal that is >10% dehydrated

A

False

50
Q

T/F
It is safe to administer up to 5 gallons of water through an orogastric tube to a cow that is lying in lateral recumbency

A

False

51
Q

T/F

A dandy brush should be used last, as a finishing brush

A

True

52
Q

What anatomical structure is located in the RUQ?v

A

Cecum

53
Q

What anatomical structure is located in the LLQ?

A

Large colon

54
Q

Which route of administration is the Strangles vaccine given to a horse?

A

IN

55
Q

T/F

De-wormer, Banamine paste, and Bute paste are drugs that are commonly administered through a dial-a-dose

A

True

56
Q

Twitches work as a restraint device by:

A

Distraction and endorphin release

57
Q

Which twitch is designed for use when no assistant is available, and one must work alone?

A

Humane twitch

58
Q

What is the best form of restraint for a mare when doing a repo exam?

A

Stocks

59
Q

Acepromazine is characterized as a

A

Tranquilizer

60
Q

T/F

Xylazine can be reversed by a drug called Yohimbine.

A

True

61
Q

T/F

Chloramphenicol is prohibited in cattle d/t the potential to cause aplastic anemia in humans

A

True

62
Q

T/F
Dimethyl Sufoxide is used as an anti-inflammatory and free-radical scavenger. This drug can be used topically or IV, and can readily be absorbed through your skin

A

True

63
Q

Bandages may be used to:

A

Protection
Support
Decrease edema
Decrease granulation tissue

64
Q

How often should a saline wrap be replaced?

A

BID

65
Q

The procedure for bandaging a horse’s leg:

A

Begin the bandage at mid-cannon bone
Overlap the vet wrap by 50%
Leave 0.5-1” of padding at the distal & proximal ends

66
Q

What type of stain is used in assuming sperm morphology?

A

Eosin-Nigrosin

67
Q

What is considered normal percentage of progressively motile sperm for a stallion?

A

60%

68
Q

What is considered normal total sperm ejaculate volume for a bull?

A

4-5 billion

69
Q

T/F

Scours is an example of a condition that would cause electrolyte loss in large animal?

A

True

70
Q

What percentage of dehydration would you estimate a calf to be if they have cold extremities.

A

12%

71
Q

T/F

Scouring is considered to be continuing losses in a horse requiring fluid therapy

A

True

72
Q

What is the primary layer of a foot bandage?

A

Diaper

73
Q

Name one treatment for thrush

A

Dilute bleach

74
Q

What is the name of the knot that is used with the tail tie to sever as a non-tightening knot around the neck

A

Bowline

75
Q

When performing a physical exam on a horse, how are gut sounds reported out?

A

0-3 scale

76
Q

Which arteries are used to evaluate the condition of a horse’s foot?

A

Digital limb

77
Q

When prepping a stallion for collection, what should the penis be washed with?

A

Non-spermicitic soap

78
Q

What is the name of the drug that is prohibited for use in cattle because it is the drug of choice to treat MRSA in humans?

A

Vancomycin

79
Q

What is the name of the drug that is used to treat agalactia in mares?

A

Don Peridon

80
Q

Application of a basic medical wrap

A

Telfa
Kling gauze
Leg cottons
Vet wrap

81
Q

When giving a horse a small injection such as a vaccine, which site is most commonly used?

A

Neck

82
Q

The ventral colon may be auscultated in which quadrant?

A

RLQ & LLQ

83
Q

The cecum is located on the ___ side of the horse

A

Off side

84
Q

When giving IV injections in the jugular, why is it advisable to inject into the upper 1/3 of the vein

A

To avoid the carotid artery

85
Q

Specific gravity will ___ with dehydration

A

Increase

86
Q

T/F

Intranasal vaccines are contradicted in the horse

A

False

Large Animal (11 decks)

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