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Lab exam 4 (FINAL) Flashcards

final (88 cards)

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1
Q

order of the meninges from most superficial to deepest

A

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

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2
Q

divisions of the dura mater

A

divided into an outer periosteum dura and an inner meningeal dura; space deep to the dura mater is the subdural space

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3
Q

divisions of the arachnoid mater

A

deep to the arachnoid mater is the subarachnoid space- which contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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4
Q

know the diagrams for ch 17

A

ch 17

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5
Q

olfactory nerve (number and function)

A

I

sensory

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6
Q

optic nerve (number and function)

A

II

sensory

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7
Q

Oculomotor nerve (number and function)

A

III

motor

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8
Q

Trochlear nerve (number and function)

A

IV

motor

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9
Q

Trigeminal nerve (number and functions)

A

V

both

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10
Q

Abducens nerve (number and functions)

A

VI

motor

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11
Q

Facial nerve (number and function)

A

VII

both

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12
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve (number and function)

A

VIII

Sensory

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13
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve (number and function)

A

IX

both

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14
Q

Vagus nerve (number and function)

A

X

Both

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15
Q

Accessory nerve (number and function)

A

XI

Motor

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16
Q

Hypoglossal nerve (number and function)

A

XII

motor

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17
Q

cranial nerve number mnemonic and type mnemonic

A 
old (Olfactory). Sally 
Oliver (Optic).  Sells 
ogg (oculomotor). Many 
Traveled (trochlear)  Monkeys 
To (trigeminal) but 
africa (abducens) my
for  (facial) brother 
very  (vestibulocochlear) sells 
good (glossopharyngeal) bigger
vacations (vagus) better
and  (accessory) mega 
holidays  (hypoglossal) monkeys
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18
Q

into what space does fluid flow from the cerebral aqueduct

A

fourth ventricle

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19
Q

what is the difference between a gyrus and a sulcus

A

gyrus- ridges of the convolutions

sulcus- depressions of the convolutions

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20
Q

which one of the meninges is just superficial to the surface of the brain

A

pia mater

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21
Q

what fluid is found in the ventricles of the brain

A

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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22
Q

what structure connects the cerebral hemisphere

A

longitudinal fissure

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23
Q

what is the function of the cerebellum

A

is a location primarily noted for muscle coordination and maintenance of posture

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24
Q

optic nerve (sensory or motor)

A

sensory

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25
trochlear nerve (sensory or motor)
motor
26
Glossopharyngeal nerve (sensory or motor)
both
27
hypoglossal nerve (sensory or motor)
motor
28
vagus nerve (sensory or motor)
both
29
number of cervical nerves
8 pairs
30
number of thoracic nerves
12 pairs
31
number of lumbar nerves
5
32
number of sacral nerves
5
33
number of coccygeal nerves
1
34
cervical plexus
C1-C4; phrenic
35
brachial plexus
C5-T1; radial, median, ulnar, musculorcutaneous, axillary
36
lumbar plexus
L1-L4; femoral, obturator
37
sacral plexus
L4-S4; sciatic (tibial and common. fibular)
38
axillary (arm, leg, or trunk)
arm
39
radial (arm, leg, or trunk)
arm
40
musculorcutaneous (arm, leg or trunk)
arm
41
ulnar (arm, leg, or trunk)
arm
42
median (arm, leg, or trunk)
arm
43
obturator (arm, leg or trunk)
trunk
44
femoral (arm, leg, or trunk)
trunk
45
tibial (arm, leg, or trunk)
leg
46
fibular (arm, leg, or trunk)
leg
47
anterior gray horn (motor or sensory)
motor
48
posterior gray horn (motor or sensory)
sensory
49
ascending spinal tract (motor or sensory)
sensory
50
descending spinal tract (motor or sensory)
motor
51
what causes the cervicle enlargement of the spinal cord
its because of the nerves that supply the upper extremities
52
where is the film terminale located
coccyx
53
what is the conus medullarllis
end of the spinal cord - connects to the coccyx
54
what is the caudal equina
extension of parallel nerve fibers in the lumbar and sacral regions, neural communication of spinal cord
55
in the spinal cord, which is deep to the other, the white matter or the gray matter
gray matter
56
the subarachnoid space is filled with what fluid
cerebrospinal fluid
57
what nerves arise from the cervical plexus
phrenic
58
what nerves arise from the brachial plexus
radial, medial ulnar, musculocutaneous, axillary
59
what nerves arise from the lumbar plexus
femoral, obturator
60
what nerves arise from the sacral plexus
sciatic
61
in terms of function, how does the dorsal spinal root very from the ventral spinal root
the dorsal spinal root carries sensory info the ventral spinal root carries motor info
62
what is the endoneurium
sheath that surrounds a single nerve fiber
63
how do tracts differ from nerves
nerves- peripheral nervous system | tracts- central nervous system
64
what is a mixed nerve
carry both sensory and motor information
65
the diaphragm's contractions are regulated by what nerve
phrenic nerves
66
the five structures in a reflex arc
receptor, afferent (sensory) neuron, integrating center, efferent (motor) neuron, effector
67
patellar reflex
tests the conduction of the femoral nerve
68
triceps brachii reflex
tests the radial nerve
69
biceps brachii reflex
tests the musculorcutaneous nerve
70
calcaneal tendon reflex
tests the plantar flexion in the foot
71
hyperreflexic
an exaggerated response
72
hyporeflexic
showing less than average reflex
73
define threshold voltage in nerve conduction
minimum voltage required for nerve conduction
74
define maximum recruitment voltage in nevre conduction
when all the neurons of a particular nerve are stimulated
75
what structure receives a stimulus from the external environment and relays it to the sensory neuron
receptor
76
what is another name for an efferent neuron
motor neuron
77
define reflex
a motor response to a stimulus w/o conscious thought, involuntary, predictable
78
in what kind of reflexes are there just two neurons
monosynaptic reflex arcs
79
polysnaptic reflexes have a neuron specific to them. What is the name of that neuron?
interneuron
80
in terms of numbers of synapses, what kind of reflexes is a patellar reflex
monosynaptic reflex
81
punctate distribution
uneven distribution of sense receptors
82
photoreceptors
detect light
83
thermoreceptors
located in the skin, detect change in temperature
84
proprioreceptors
detect changes in tensions such as those in joints
85
nociceptors
transmit the sensations of pain are present as naked nerve endings in areas such as skinner stomach
86
mechanoreceptors
perceive mechanical stimuli
87
baroreceptors
respond to changes in pressure such as blood pressure
88
chemoreceptors
respond to changes in the chemical environment

Lab (3 decks)

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