Lab Final terminology Flashcards
1
Q
acoelemate
A
no coelem
2
Q
aerobic
A
process req oxygen, or an organism thrives in presence of oxygen
3
Q
agar
A
gelatinous polysacchride from algae used as culture medium for bacteria and fungi
4
Q
alt. of generation
A
lifycycle that has both multicellular haploid+diploid stages - in plants and some algae
5
Q
A
6
Q
anerobic
A
process that doesnt req oxygen, or an organism that thrives in absence of O2
7
Q
angiosperm
A
flowering plant
8
Q
annulus
A
any ring like structure (body of annelid worm)
9
Q
anterior
A
head region
10
Q
anther
A
pollen prod structure of flowering plant
11
Q
antheridium
A
male reprod system in some plants, fungi and protists
12
Q
aechegonium
A
female reprod in some plants which prod the egg
13
Q
ascocarp
A
reprod structure of phylum ascomycota(fungi) - prod asci and ascospores
14
Q
ascospores
A
reprod cell within an asci from ascomycota
15
Q
ascus
A
sac like cell that prod ascospores
16
Q
aseptate
A
hyphae with no crosswalls or septa
17
Q
asexual reprod
A
reprod inolving 1 organism
18
Q
auricle
A
projection on either side of the head of flatworm (for sensory reasons)
19
Q
autotroph
A
organism which prod organic molecs from inorganic molecs using energy from photosynthesis or chemical reactions
20
Q
bascillus
A
rod shaped bacterium
21
Q
basidocarp
A
reprod structure which prod basidospores - phylum basidomycota
22
Q
body column
A
cylindrical body of organisms like hydra
23
Q
body plan
A
layer of tissues + presence or absence of coelem
24
Q
capusule
A
1) protective outer covering made of polysacchrides found on bacterial calls
2) sporangium of bryophyte
25
carpel
female reprod - produces ovules that have female gametophytes in flowering plants
26
cephilization
sensory structures located in the head region (anterior) part of animal
27
chitin
tuff polysacch. - cell wall of fungus+protsits - exoskeleton of anthropods
28
chloroplast
contains chlorophyll - photosynthesis happens here
29
clitellum
struc in some annelid worms to aid in reproduction
30
cnidoblast
stinging cell in some cnidaria - contains nematocyst
31
coccus(cocci)
spherical bacterium
32
coelem
fluid filled body cavity surrounded by mesoderm
33
cone
reprod struc of coniferphyta that prod pollen or ovules/seeds
34
conjugation
bacteria - 2 cells join together using pili + exchange genetic info (bacteria+fungi do this too)
35
consumer
organism that feeds on other living organisms
36
CV
organelle involving osmoregulation
37
cotyledon
embryo of seed in plants - food storage and early food prod
38
cuticle
secretion forming waterproof barrier for some plants and animals
39
cytoplasmic streaming
movement of cytoplasm in cell used to circulate contents
40
decomposer
heterotroph that breaks down dead organic material to gain energy
41
dicot
type of flower - 2 cotyledon within seed
42
digestive cavity
internal body cavity where food is stored and digested
43
domain
classification above kingdom
44
filament (2)
1) chain of cells (filamentous bacteria)
2) stalk of the stamen in flower
45
fimbrae
bacteria - hairlike extensions used to attach to surfaces
46
floral tube
fused bases of sepals petals and stamens in flower
47
flowering plant
a plant that has a seed enclosed in a fruit
48
fragmentation
asexual reprod - new organism develops from fragment of parent
49
free living
organism doesnt require host
50
fruit
ripened ovary which contains seeds in flowering plants
51
gametangium
cell or organ where gametes are produced
52
gametophyte
mulitcellular haploid generation in lifecycle of plant
53
gastovascular cavity
body cavity w mouth/anus that digests and distributes nutrients
54
gelatinous sheath
jelly like layer surrounding cells of some algae and some bacteria - provide structure and protection
55
gymnosperms
plant that prod seeds that are not enclosed in fruits
56
hermaphroditic
animal has both male and female reprod structures
57
heterocyst
cell in some cyanobacteria specialized in nitrogen fixation
58
heterotroph
cant synthesize organic material it needs so it must obtain energy from other organisms
59
holdfast
specialized root in some large algae that lets them attach to rocks
60
hydrostatic skeleton
skeleton system made of fluid held under pressure in enclosed body cavity
61
hyphae
long narrow strands of cell that make up the body of a fungus
62
intracellular
situated or occurring inside cell
63
kingdom
group made of one or more phyla
64
larva
pre adult form of many animals
65
locule
cavity within an ovary in which ovules are produced in flowers
66
macronucleus
in paramecium - large nuc that doesnt do reproduction just metabolism
67
medusa
free swimming stage in the most lifecycles of cnidaria (jellyfish)
68
megasporangium
in plants- sporangium where meiosis occurs to produce megaspores
69
mesogela
mesoderm of the phylum cnidaria
70
micronucleus
in paramecium - stores genetic material and does sexual repros
71
microsporangium
in plants - sporangium tha produces microspores
72
monocot
flower with 1 cotyledon
73
mycelium
body of fungus comprised of many hyphae
74
mycorrhiza
relationship between fungi and zygomycota or basidomycota where fungi grow around roots
75
nerve chord
stand of nervous tissue that goes from anterior to posterior end
76
omnivore
eats plants and animals
77
osculum
large opening at top of sponge that allows water to exit during filter feeding
78
ovary (2)
plants- prod ovules
animals - prod egg
79
pathogen
organism that causes disease
80
peptidoglycan
polymer of sugars and proteins - forms cells wall in most bacteria
81
phloem
type vascular tissue in plants - transports sugars and hormones
82
placenta(2)
- nutritive tissue in flowering plants where ovules attach
- nutritive tissues in the uterus of mammels for embryo
83
pneumatocysts
in brn algae - air bladders that keep algae floating at high tide
84
pollen sac
microsporangium of seed plants
85
polyp
sessile stage of of lifecycle in cnidaria
86
posterior
rear end
87
protist
euk organism not classified as plant animal or fungus
88
pseudocoelemate
"false coelem" - only partially surrounded by coelem
89
rhizoid
anchors fungus - extracellular digestion
90
rhizome
horizontal stem that grown undergrounf
91
root
anchors plants - water and mineral uptake
92
seed
consists of young sporophyte with food supply - protection and dispersial
93
segmentation
division of body into similar repeated parts
94
seminal receptical
sac for storing sperm
95
septum/septa
partition between 2 cells or cavities(cell walls which divide hyphae)
96
setae
small bristle found on lumbricus to increase traction
97
spicule
hardened point structures on sponge - for defence
98
spirillum
spiral shaped bacterium
99
spongin
fibrous protein that is body of sponges
100
spongocoel
internal cavity of sponges lines w flagellated cells that help beat water for filter feeding
101
sporophyll
modified leaf on plant that bears sporangia
102
stamen
male reprod organ in flowers
103
symbiont
organism that live in association with other organism
104
vascular tissue
tubular arrangements of cells that transport substances like water and dissolved sugars
105
velum
tissue on the underside of a mushroom cap enclosed to protect the gills
106
venation
particular pattern of branching of vascular tissues in angiosperms
107
xylem
type of vascular tissue that transports water and minerals
108
zygospore
zygote that evolves into a thick walled spore that can rest over harsh winters/environments
109
oogamous
large, non motile sperm fertilized by small motile sperm
