Lab manual: Male reproductive system Flashcards
(58 cards)
each testes is covered by a double layer of peritoneum called the ___ ___. what’re the two layers of this peritoneum?
tunica vaginalis. there is an OUTER PARIETAL LAYER and a VISCERAL LAYER.
under the tunica vaginalis, the testes are then encapsulated by the ___ ___.
tunica albuginea
under the tunica albuginea of the testes is the ___ ___
tunica vasculosa, which have fibrous extensions to form septa and divide each testis into lobules.
the seminiferous tubules empty into __ ___, a network of tubules that leads to the __ ___, which carry sperm to the ___.
the seminiferous tubules empty into RETE TESTIS a network of tubules that leads to the DUCTULI EFFERENTES, which carry sperm to the EPIDYDIMIS.
in adiditon to the seminiferous tubules, the interior of the testis contains ___ ___ which produce testosterone
interstitial cells of LEYDIG
each seminiferous tubule is composed of a thin connective tissue covering called the __ ___, and a relatively thick ___ epithelium with a basal lamina
each seminiferous tubule is composed of a thin connective tissue covering called the TUNICA PROPRIA, and a relatively thick GERMINAL epithelium with a basal lamina
contractile ___ ___ are present in the tunica propria of the testes
myoid cells
___ ___ comprise the germinal epithelium.
sertoli cells.
in males, FSH secreted by the __ ___ gland stimulates ___ cells.
FSH secreted by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates sertoli cell activity.
spermatogonia exist in either type ___ or ___. Type ___ divide by ___ to produce __ ___.
type a or b. type B divides by MITOSIS to produce PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTES, which are pushed closer to the lume. they have a LOT more cytoplasm compared to type B, and they have condensed chromatin in the nucleus.
primary spermatocytes undergo the first ___ dividuon to produce ___ ___.
first MEIOTIC division to produCe SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES, which are difficult to find because they immediately undergo the second meiotic division and produce haploid spermatids.
spermatocytes undergo ___ to produce ___ spermatids
undergo the second meiotic division to produce haploid spermatids
what is spermiogenesis
when spermatids mature into typical sperm cells
3 characteristics of a spermatid turning into a sperm cell
1) acrosome formation 2) loss of cytoplasm. forms a residual body and gets engulfed by the sertoli cell 3) flagellum projecting into lumen
when in the female reproductive tract, the sperm must undergo ____
capacitation
purpose of the acrosome
located wtihin the head of the sperm cell and holds enzymes necessary to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida of the ovum.
function of sertoli cell. how do they do this?
provide nourishment and support for spermatids during their developments.
outline the exocrine and endocrine secretions from the sertoli cell
exocine: androgen binding protein is secreted, which sequesters testosterone to maintain an environment favorable to sperm development - nourishment for sperm cells also secreted endocrine: inhibin secretion: inhbitis FSH
interstitial cell activity is under the control of ___ ___ from the anterior pituitary, and sertoli cells are regulated by __ and __
interstitial cell activity is under the control of LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the anterior pituitary, and sertoli cells are regulated by FSH and TESTOSTERONE
sperm in the seminiferous tubules are propelled to the ___ __ (straight tubuli) and then the __ ___.
TUBULI RECTI AND THEN THE RETE TESTIS
which two tubules form the intratesticular ducts
the tubuli recti (straight tubules) and the rete testis. they are considered to be intratesticular because they are actually enclosed within the testes.
straight tubules are lined with __- cells
sertoli
rete testes are lined with __ __ cells
simple cuboidal. some have sparse microvilli and each has a single cilium that propels the sperm and fluid.
rete testes are found in the __ of the testes
mediastinum
