Lab MidTerm

Question 1

Name the 7 steps in scientific method

Answer 1

Observation (gathered through senses about the natural world), hypothesis (if then statement, must be testable), prediction (state outcome should be if hypot is true), experiment (tests hypot, one independent/dependent variables, control), data collection (quantitative/qualitative, organized), conclusion (answer to the hypothesis), retest (verify)

Question 2

Independent variable

Answer 2

The one you manipulate

Question 3

Dependent variable

Answer 3

The one you measure

Question 4

Control variables

Answer 4

Stay constant between control group and test group

Question 5

Control group

Answer 5

Tested without independent variable

Question 6

Metric system acronym

Answer 6

Grand Master King Henry Died Unusually Drinking Chocolate Milk Many Nights
Giga Mega Kilo Hecta Deca Unit Deci Ceni Mili Micro (10^-6) Nano (10^-9)

Question 7

Solubility examples

Answer 7

Soluble in water (polar): Acetone, ethanol, vinegar
Not soluble in water (nonpolar): Oil, steroids, benzene
Soluble in both (amphipathic): soap, phospholipid bilayer

Question 8

Amphipathic

Answer 8

Has both polar and nonpolar regions in its molecule

Question 9

Define Acid

Answer 9

Chemical compound that releases H+ in a solution

Question 10

Define Base

Answer 10

Decrease H+ by accepting them

Question 11

pH scale

Answer 11

(acidic) 0- 7 (neutral) - 14 (basic)
Logarithmic, base of 10
pH paper - blue=basic, red=acidic
pH of blood is 7.45

Question 12

Buffers

Answer 12

Keep stable pH by accepting or releasing H+. Weak acid and conjugate base.

Question 13

Carbs

Answer 13

monosaccharide sugars glucose and polysaccharides like starch
1C 2H 1O ratio

Question 14

Protein

Answer 14

long chain of amino acids

Enzymes, hemoglobin, hormones like insulin

Question 15

Lipids

Answer 15

Dissolve organic substances insoluble in water. Fats and steroids

Question 16

Nucleic acids

Answer 16

DNA RNA and long chains of nucleotides

Question 17

Name the 3 lab reagents and what they detect

Answer 17

Benedicts=glucose (blue to orange)
Iodine=starch (brown to purple)
Ninhydrin=protein (yellow to purple)

Question 18

Contrast nutrition of plants vs meats

Answer 18

Plants have starches, meats do not

Question 19

What kind of foods should an obese person avoid?

Answer 19

Starches and processed foods

Question 20

What types of foods should a body builder eat for muscles?

Answer 20

Protein because they are made of amino acids, the building blocks for muscle

Question 21

What kind of relationship is magnification vs resolution in a microscope?

Answer 21

Direct

Question 22

What kind of relationship is magnification vs resolution in a microscope?

Answer 22

Inverse

Question 23

What kind of relationship is magnification vs field of view in a microscope?

Answer 23

Inverse

Question 24

What kind of relationship is magnification vs amount of light in a microscope?

Answer 24

Inverse

Question 25

Name the parts of a microscope

Answer 25

Base, arm, light source, light control, diaphragm lever, coarse adjustment knob, fine adjustment knob, stage with clip, stage adjustment knobs, ocular lens (10x), nosepiece, objective lens (scanning (4x), low (10x), high (40x))

Question 26

Carrying microscope

Answer 26

Use both hands one on base, one on arm, vertically and close to body, cord wrapped, place on counter 4 inches from edge

Question 27

Care and storage of microscope

Answer 27

Check cleanliness and parts, no slide left, stage centered, cover, wrap cord

Question 28

Viewing objects

Answer 28

Center with naked eye, scanning power with coarse then fine adjustment, adjust light, center again, switch to low, focus light center, switch to high, FINE ADJUSTMENT ONLY, light.