Lab Review - Lab Tests

Question 1

Generates a complete CBC using EDTA whole blood
0.5-1.0 mL of blood needed
Uses laser flow cytometry
Cells are analyzed on 5 perameters

Answer 1

Lasercyte

Question 2

5 perameters Lasercyte tests for with blood cells

Answer 2

lobularity, nucleus:cytoplasm ratio, cellular volume, cellular density, and granularity

Question 3

Tests organ functions using dry slide technology
12 chemical tests simultaneously
Serum or plasma

Answer 3

VetTest Chemistry Analyzer

Question 4

The preferred sample for the VetTest in what kind of tube?

Answer 4

Plasma from a heparin tube (green top)

Question 5

Two color boxes for reagent slides

Where should they be stored?

Answer 5

Green and purple; freezer

Question 6

Reagent slides need to be used within how many minutes of opening the foil packet?

Answer 6

15 minutes

Question 7

With these samples, you must allow the blood to clot before centrifuging. How long does it take to clot?

Answer 7

Serum; 20-30 minutes

Question 8

When centrifuging a serum sample, how long should it be spun?

Answer 8

10-20 minutes

Question 9

Why must you use a lithium-heparin tube for the VetTest?

Answer 9

Ca in the blood binds to EDTA

Question 10

2 Kidney tests performed by the VetTest

Answer 10

BUN and CREA

Question 11

Increases with renal dz, starvation, and dehydration

Answer 11

BUN

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Question 12

Accumulation of metabolic waste in the blood (urea, specifically)

Answer 12

azotemia

Question 13

Byproduct of protein metabolism

Answer 13

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Question 14

Byproduct of muscle metabolism

Answer 14

Creatinine (CREA)

Question 15

Used in conjunction with BUN test to diagnose kidney dz

Answer 15

CREA

Question 16

Clinical signs of kidney dz are seen after how much of the kidney is compromised?

Answer 16

75%

Question 17

Clinical signs are only seen after the liver has lost how much of it’s functioning ability?

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

This organ has regenerative capabilities

Answer 18

Liver

Question 19

Liver specific
Created by hepatocytes
Increased levels present with liver dz, trauma to the liver, and toxins

Answer 19

SGPT

AKA ALT

Question 20

Not liver specific

Synthesized in liver and cardiac and skeletal muscles

Answer 20

SGOT

AKA AST

Question 21

The byproduct of hemoglobin metabolization
Not liver specific
Increases seen with hepatic lipidosis, hemolytic anemia, hyperthyroidism, and pancreatitis

Answer 21

Billirubin (TBIL)

Question 22

Main protein of blood plasma made by liver cells
Decrease is more common than increase; decreases can be caused by heartworm dz, ehrlichia, and IBD
Levels below 1.0g/dL are dangerously low

Answer 22

Albumin (ALB)

Question 23

Pancreatic function tests include

Answer 23

AMYL, LIPA, and GLU

Question 24

Breaks down starches and glycogen in sugars
Increases can be seen with renal failure or peritonitis
Acute or chronic pancreatitis can cause this as well

Answer 24

Amylase (AMYL)

Question 25

Assists in breaking down fatty acids Values are usually parallel to amylase values Increases seen with pancreatitis, liver and renal dz

Answer 25

Lipase (LIPA)

Question 26

Evaluates insulin production Blood must be centrifuged immediately because this binds to RBCs and decreases by 10% per hour Stress can increase values Below 60 mg/dL is dangerously low

Answer 26

Glucose (GLU)

Question 27

A patient testing for their glucose levels should fast for how long before the test?

Answer 27

16-24 hrs

Question 28

Plays important role in steroid production and levels are helpful in diagnosing hypothyroidism and Cushing's dz

Answer 28

Chlesterol (CHOL)

Question 29

Used to determine the hydration levels of a patient

Answer 29

Total Protein (TP)

Question 30

NOT AN ELECTROLYTE Most abundant MINERAL in the body Important role in muscle contraction and blood clotting

Answer 30

Calcium (Ca)

Question 31

When combined with phosphorus, this creates the material that forms dense, hard teeth and bones

Answer 31

Calcium | Calcium phosphate

Question 32

Dietary mineral required in high amounts | Excessive amounts will accelerate the progression of renal failure

Answer 32

Phosphorus

Question 33

Machine used to monitor electrolytes Uses whole blood, serum, or plasma 35 second results

Answer 33

VetLyte analyzer

Question 34

Most abundant cation in the body Maintains osmotic pressure Acid/base balance Transmits nerve impulses

Answer 34

Sodium (Na+)

Question 35

Major intracellular cation in blood Maintains osmotic pressure Acid/base balance Aids in proper nerve and muscle action

Answer 35

Potassium (K)

Question 36

Maintains cellular integrity | Important in maintaining correct water balance

Answer 36

Chloride (Cl)

Question 37

Performs PT and PTT tests Fresh or citrated whole blood Important information about intrinsic and extrinsic clotting factors and fibrinogen

Answer 37

Coag Dx Analyzer

Question 38

PT means

Answer 38

ability to clot

Question 39

PTT

Answer 39

clotting disorder

Question 40

Evaluates oxygenation and pH balance within the body Whole blood, serum, or plasma in a single disposable cassette ARTERIAL BLOOD

Answer 40

VetStat Electrolyte and Blood Gas Analyzer

Question 41

Two types of alkalosis and acidosis

Answer 41

respiratory and metabolic