Lab Test 2 Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
Rounded, articular projection
A
Condyle
2
Q
Smooth, nearly flat articular surface
A
Facet
3
Q
Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
A
Head
4
Q
What are the four articulating surfaces
A
Condyle
Facet
Head
Trochlea
5
Q
Pulley like process
A
Trochlea
6
Q
Pit or socket in maxillae or mandible
A
Alveolus
7
Q
Shallow basin like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface
A
Fossa
8
Q
Narrow groove
A
Sulcus
9
Q
Three types of depressions
A
Fossa
Sulcus
Alveolus
10
Q
Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent
A
Crest
11
Q
Raised area on or above a condyle
A
Epicondyle
12
Q
Narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest
A
Line
13
Q
Any bony prominence
A
Process
14
Q
Bar like, branch like beam
A
Ramus
15
Q
Sharp, slender, often pointed projection
A
Spine
16
Q
Very large, blunt, irregular shaped process
A
Trochanter
17
Q
Small rounded projection
A
Tubercle
18
Q
Large rounded projection
A
Tuberosity
19
Q
Furrow
A
Groove
20
Q
Narrow, slit like opening
A
Fissure
21
Q
Round or oval opening through a bone
A
Foramen
22
Q
Indentation at the edge of a structure
A
Notch
23
Q
Passageway through a bone
A
Canal
24
Q
Hollow or cavity
A
Sinus
25
All bones in the skull are attached by interlocking joints called
Sutures
26
Forms the superior, lateral and posterior walls of the skull
Cranial vault
27
Forms the bottom of the skull
Cranial floor
28
What bones is cranium is made up of
```
2 parietal
2 temporal
Frontal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
```
29
The _______ joins the two parietal bones in the center of the skull
Sagittal suture
30
This joins the parietal bones to the frontal bones
Coronal suture
31
Parietal bones joins the temporal bone
Squamous suture
32
The bridge like projection joining the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch
Zygomatic process
33
Rounded depression anterior to the ear
Mandibular fossa
34
Canal leading to eardrum
External acoustic meatus
35
Needle like projection for attachment of tendons
Styloid process
36
Site of muscle attachment
Mastoid process
37
Site of articulation of occipital bone and parietal bone
Lamboid suture
38
Large opening in the base of the occipital bone, which allows the spinal cord to join with the brain
Foramen magnum
39
Most posterior bone of the cranium
Occipital bone
40
Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulates with the first cervical vertebra
Occipital condyles
41
Bat shaped bone forming the anterior plateau of the middle cranial fossa across the width of the skull
Sphenoid bone
42
Portions of the sphenoid seen exteriorly anterior to the temporal and forming a part of the eye orbits
Greater wings
43
A saddle shaped region in the sphenoid midline
Sella turica (Turks saddle)
44
Bat shaped portions of sphenoid
Lesser wings
45
Irregularly shaped bone anterior to the sphenoid; forms the roof of the nasal cavity, upper nasal septum and part of the medial orbit walls
Ethnomoid
46
Point of attachment helps secure brain in skull
Crista Galli (cocks comb)
47
Olfactory fibers pass to the brain from the nasal mucosa
Cribriform plates
48
Increase air turbulence, warm and moisten air
Superior and middle nasal conchae
49
These lighten the skull and provide resonance chambers for speech
Paranasal sinuses
50
Behind your ear
Mastoid process
51
Most prominent part of your cheek
Zygomatic bone
52
How many single bones are called vertebrae
24
53
What cushions the vertebrae and absorbs shock
Intervertebral discs
54
How many cervical vertebrae
7
55
How many thoracic vertebrae
12
56
How many lumbar vertebrae
5
57
Are you born with primary or secondary curvatures
Primary
58
What’s an example of primary curvatures
Thoracic and sacral
59
What type of curvatures are cervical and lumbar
Secondary
60
C1
Atlas
61
C2
Axis
62
How many pairs of ribs do we have
12
63
How many true ribs
1-7
64
Which ribs are false ribs
8-12
65
Which ribs are floating
11 and 12
66
The skeleton is composed of
Cartilage and bone
67
Function of the skeleton
Support and protect
Site of skeletal muscle attachment
Storage for lipids and minerals
Site of hematopoiesis (blood cell formation)
68
Hardness of bone is due to the _______ in its ground substance
Inorganic calcium salts
69
Where does the flexibility of bone come from
The organic elements of the matrix, particularly the collagen fibers
70
What is the fetal skeleton made of
Primarily hyaline cartilage
71
The bones that lie around the body’s center of gravity
Axial skeleton
72
Bones of the limbs
Appendicular skeleton
73
What are the two kinds of osseous tissue
Compact bone
| Spongy (cancellous) bone
74
Composed of trabeculae, bones with lots of open space
Spongy bone
75
Smooth and homogenous bone
Compact bone
76
Runs parallel to the long axis of the bone, carries blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels through the bony matrix
Central Haversian Canal
77
Bone-building cells, clustered around central canals
Osteocytes
78
These destroy bones
Osteoclasts
79
Precursors to bone cells
Osteoprogenitor
80
Chambers in which osteocytes lie, arranged in concentric circles
Lacunae
81
Concentric circles of lacunae arranged around the central canal
Concentric lamellae
82
The central canal + all the concentric lamallae surrounding it
Osteon or Haversian system
83
Nutrient supply for all cells
Canaliculi
84
Communication pathway between bone exterior and interior
Perforating (volkmann’s canals)
85
Bone formation and growth in length
Ossification
86
Composed predominantly of compact bone
Long bones
87
Examples of long bone
Femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals
88
Typically cube shaped, contain more spongy bone than compact bone
Short bones
89
Short bone examples
Carpals, tarsals, patella, calcaneus
90
Generally thin, two wafer like layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them
Flat bone
91
Any bones that do not fall under the category of long, short or flat
Irregular bones
92
Examples of irregular bones
Vertebrae, ilium, Ishium, pubis
93
Examples of flat bones
Skull, scapula, ribs, clavicle
94
What type of bones are sesamoid bones
Short bones formed in tendons
95
Tiny bones formed between cranial bones
Wormian or sutural bones
