Lab Vocabulary - Exam 2 Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
Aortic Valve
A
Between the left ventricle and aorta
2
Q
Atrioventricular Valves
A
Tricuspid and Mitral Valves
3
Q
Atria
A
upper chambers of the heart
4
Q
Cardiac Cycle
A
S1 S2 S1 (Systole and Diastole)
5
Q
Dorsalis Pedis
A
Artery located on top of foot
6
Q
Femoral
A
artery in groin right and left side, terminates as popliteal artery
7
Q
Homan’s Sign
A
Pain in calf when foot is passively dorsiflexed
8
Q
Midclavicular Line
A
imaginary line of the body bisecting the clavicle
9
Q
Mitral Valve
A
valve between left atria and left ventricle
10
Q
PMI
A
(Point of maximum Impulse) Apical impulse, found at 5 ICS left MCL in adult, 4 ICS left MCL in children
11
Q
Popliteal
A
artery located in posterior knee fossa
12
Q
Posterior Tibial
A
artery located mediually behind tibial bone and malleolus
13
Q
Precordium
A
entire anterior chest where heart lies in thorax
14
Q
Pulmonic Valve
A
between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
15
Q
Pulse Pressure
A
Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure
16
Q
S1
A
(first heart sound) mitral and tricuspid closing
17
Q
S2
A
(second heart sound) aortic and pulmonic closing
18
Q
Semilunar Valves
A
Aortic and pulmonic valves
19
Q
Sternum
A
breast bone
20
Q
Systole
A
working stage of cardiac cycle
21
Q
Temporal
A
artery located at sides of skull over temporal bone
22
Q
Thrill
A
vibration of heart, fine palpable
23
Q
Thrust
A
(heave, lift) sensation of heart lifting
24
Q
Tricuspid Valve
A
between right atria and right ventricle
25
Ulnar
artery located at - 5th digit side
26
Ventricle
lower chambers of heart
27
Acute Pain
sudden, lasting up to 6 months.
should lead to action to find relief "warning".
can usually be relieved since cause is often identifiable.
can last up to 6 months
28
Analgesic
pain relief medications
may be narcotic or nonnarcotic (e.g. Morphine or Aspirin)
29
Chronic Pain
pain that generally lasts longer than 6 months
may be insidiously (gradual or subtle)
often difficult to describe
30
Intractable
pain that cannot be controlled
31
Pain
what the individual says it is, SUBJECTIVE
32
Pain Threshold
smallest perceivable pain, lowest perceptible intensity of pain
33
Pain tolerance
the intensity and duration of pain a person can endure
varies between individuals
34
TENS
"Trans-cutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation" Device
Device connected to the skin by electrodes that produce small electrical impulses.
The stimulation interferes with the transmission of pain signals and helps suppress pain sensation.
intensity of stimulation is controlled by the patient
35
Accessory Muscles
involvement of the trapezius/scalene/sternocleidomastoid muscles in breathing
36
Adventitious Sound
abnormal breath sound
37
Anoxia
diminished oxygen in arterial blood despite normal oxygen capacity
38
AP Diameter
comparison of chest measurement anterior-posterior with lateral
39
Apnea
cessation of breathing
40
Bradypnea
slow respiration rate (adult 12 or below)
41
Bronchial Sound
E>I normal; heard over trachea; high pitched and hollow
42
Bronchovesicular Sound
E=I, heard over bifurcation of bronchus T4 (posterior), 2nd ICS (anterior)
43
Dull
sound over heart, liver when percussed
44
Dyspnea
difficulty breathing
45
Expectoration
coughing up of mucous formed in air passages
46
Flaring
widening of nostrils r/t air hunger
47
Hemoptysis
coughing up blood
48
Hypoxia
decreased concentration of cellular O2
49
Inspiration
inhalation, drawing into the lungs
50
Lung
R = 3 lobes; L = 2 lobes
51
Manubrium
top of sternum
52
Mucus
fluid secreted by mucous membranes and glands
53
Orthopnea
discomfort in breathing in any but erect or sitting position
54
Resonant
air filled as in normal lung percussion
55
Retraction
inward pulling in of intercostal spaces, seen in severe hypoxia or respiratory distress
56
Scapulae
shoulder blades
57
Sputum
substance expelled by coughing (mucus, cells, organisms)
58
Suprasternal notch
groove above sternum
59
Thoracic Expanse
movement of thorax horizontally
60
Tympanic
hollow sound on percussion (Gastric air bubble)
61
Vesicular Sound
normal, soft, low pitched E < I heard over most lung fields
62
Xiphoid Process
bottom tip of sternum
63
Vocal or Tactile Fremitus
vibrations felt over chest when client speaks "99"
64
Pulse Oximetry - "Pulse Ox"
noninvasive measurement of O2 concentration in arterial blood via a monitor. Measures the percentage of oxygen carried by available hemoglobin in arterial blood. Normal range is 95-100%
65
Ant
anterior
66
Lat
Lateral
67
SOB
shortness of breath
68
Post
poisterior
69
AP
anterior-posterior
70
R/T
related to
71
D/T
due to
72
Areola
darkened area surrounding the nipple
73
Breast Clock
method of localizing/documenting findings on breast, in terms of time zones on a clock
74
Cysts
sac containing liquid/semi solid substance
75
Dimpling
retraction
76
Nipple
pigmented projection at tip of breast, outlet to milk
77
Nipple Retraction
being drawn or pulled back - when cooper's ligaments are invaded by calcium, become fibrotic, pulls back skin over lesion leading to dimpling
78
Nodules
small mass of tissues in the form of swelling, protuberance
79
Peau d'Orange
orange peel consistency to skin - abnormal
80
Pendulous
hanging loosely
81
Tail of Spence
area extending into axilla from upper outer quadrant of the breast
82
Constipation
difficult passage of stool, infrequent defecation
83
Defecation
evacuation of bowels
84
Diarrhea
frequent passage of watery bowel movements
85
Eructation
Passage of gas from oral cavity
86
Fecal Impaction
colon filled with hard or soft stool which cannot be expelled, liquid stool can ooze around hardened mass
87
Feces
Excrement
88
Flatus
expelling of gas from the anus
89
Guaiac
hematest, hemocult. Test on stool for occult blood
90
Hemorrhoid
tortuous veins in anorectal area internal or external
91
Melena
black tarry stool r/t action of intestinal juice on free blood
92
Peristalsis
wavelike movements in the GI tract, heard in abdomen
93
Stool
bowel movement, feces
94
Suppository
Semi-solid substance introduced into rectum, vagina, or urethra where it dissolves
95
Nausea
Feeling of gastric upset, often precedes vomiting
96
Protuberant
bulging, prominent beyond surface
97
Scaphoid
hollow
98
Symphysis Pubis
junction of the pubic bones on midline in front
99
-ectomy
excision
ex: appendectomy
100
-itis
inflammatory
ex: arthritis
101
-oscopy
instrumentation view of
ex: endoscopy
102
-osis
condition of
ex: scoliosis
103
-ostomy
surgical opening which serves as exit
ex: colostomy
104
-otomy
surgical opening
ex: Laparotomy
105
Decubitus
pressure ulcer, bedsore, area where skin tissue is destroyed, old term
106
Dermis
layer under epidermis, contains blood and nerves
107
Eccymosis
large, irregularly formed hemorrhage area on skin
108
Erythema
redness of skin
109
Hematoma
mass of blood
110
Ischemia
deficiency of blood in area
111
Jaundice
yellowing of skin
112
Lentigo
brown macula age spot
113
Lesion
pathologically altered skin
114
Maceration
process of softening a solid by steeping in fluid and sloughing of skin when wet for a long period of time
115
Macula
small, flat area of skin
116
Necrosis
death of cells
117
Pallor
paleness of skin
118
Papula
small, raised area on skin
119
Petechia
small, less than 0.5 cm, red/purple hemorrhagic pin-point spots on skin.
from capillary bleeds
120
Purpura
red or purple spots as a result of minute hemorrhages within the skin (less than 0.5 cm)
121
Pustule
elevation of skin filled with purulent material
122
Striae
lines or bands elevated above or depressed below surrounding tissue or differing color + texture
123
Vesicle
serous, small, fluid filled area on skin
