LAB1

Question 1

Rarely performed because of innaccuracy of the count and questionable necessity

Answer 1

Manual RBC Count

Question 2

more accurate manual rbc procedures

Answer 2

microhematocrit and hemoglobin determination

Question 3

rbc count male normal reference range conventional unit

Answer 3

4.2-6.00 x10^6/uL

Question 4

Rbc count male normal reference range standard international unit

Answer 4

4.2-6.00 10 ^12/L

Question 5

RBC Count female normal reference range conventional unit

Answer 5

3.80-5.20 10^6/uL

Question 6

RBC Count female normal reference range standard international unit

Answer 6

3.80-5.20 10^12/L

Question 7

sets of values and units associated to values

Answer 7

Reference Intervals

Question 8

Hemoglobin determination:Colorimetric Methods

Answer 8

Cyanmethemoglobin (Hemiglobincyanide;HiCN) Method
Acid Hematin Method
Alkaline Hematin Method

Question 9

reference method for hemoglobin determination

Answer 9

Cyanmethemoglobin method

Question 10

Principle of Cyanmethemoglobin method

Answer 10

Hemoglobin (Fe2+) + K3 Fe (CN)6 > methemoglobin (Fe3+) + KCN> cyanmethemoglobin

Question 11

cyanmethemoglobin is measured in a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of

Answer 11

540 nm

Question 12

Specimen of choice for cyanmethemoglobin method

Answer 12

Venous blood collected with EDTA or heparin

Question 13

[True or False] You can use blood from capillary puncture when doing cyanmethemoglobin method

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Reagent used for cyanmethemoglobin method

Answer 14

Detergent-Modified Drabkin Reagent

Question 15

Detergent-Modified Drabkin Reagent consists of

Answer 15

0.20g Potassium ferricyanide (K3Fe [CN]6)
0.05g Potassium cyanide (KCN)
0.14g Dihydrogen potassium phosphate (anhydrous) (KH2PO4)
Nonionic detergent

Question 16

this is directly proportional to the amount of Hb present

Answer 16

Absorbance of the solution

Question 17

Hb Concentration (g/dL) : Blank
Cyanmethemoglobin standard (mL):
Cyanmethemoglobin reagent (mL):

Answer 17

CS: 0.0
CR:6.0

Question 18

Hb Concentration (g/dL) : 5
Cyanmethemoglobin standard (mL):
Cyanmethemoglobin reagent (mL):

Answer 18

CS:1.5
CR:4.5

Question 19

Hb Concentration (g/dL) : 10
Cyanmethemoglobin standard (mL):
Cyanmethemoglobin reagent (mL):

Answer 19

CS:3.0
CR:3.0

Question 20

Hb Concentration (g/dL) : 15
Cyanmethemoglobin standard (mL):
Cyanmethemoglobin reagent (mL):

Answer 20

CS:4.5
CR:1.5

Question 21

Hb Concentration (g/dL) : 20
Cyanmethemoglobin standard (mL):
Cyanmethemoglobin reagent (mL):

Answer 21

CS:6.0
CR:0.0

Question 22

Only commercially available standard in routine hematology

Answer 22

cyanmethemoglobin standard

Question 23

use to plot % transmittance and Hb. conc

Answer 23

semilogarithmic paper

Question 24

1:251 dilution

Answer 24

0.02 mL (20 uL) of blood + 5 mL cyanmethemoglobin reagent)

Question 25

If cyanmethemoglobin standard is expressed in milligrams (mg):

Answer 25

Hb (g/dL) = [A540 test sample/A540 standard] × [Conc. of standard (mg/dL)/100 mg/g)] × 251

Question 26

If cyanmethemoglobin standard is expressed in grams (g):

Answer 26

Conc(unknown) (g/dL) = [A(unknown) × Conc(standard)]/A(standard)

Question 27

conventional units hemoglobin reference range for male

Answer 27

13.5-18.0 g/dL

Question 28

conventional units hemoglobin reference range for female

Answer 28

12.0-15.0 g/dL

Question 29

causes increase in hgb concentration

Answer 29

Improper venipuncture: hemoconcentration ↑ WBC count (> 20 × 10 9/L) or ↑ Platelet count (> 700 × 10 9/L) Lipemia RBCs containing Hb S and Hb C: resistant to hemolysis Abnormal globulins

Question 30

Remedy/corrective action: ↑ WBC count (> 20 × 10 9/L) or ↑ Platelet count (> 700 × 10 9/L) → turbidity → ↑ hemoglobin concentration

Answer 30

reagent + sample solution → centrifuged → supernatant will be tested

Question 31

Remedy/corrective action:Lipemia → turbidity → ↑ hemoglobin concentration

Answer 31

0.01 mL of patient’s plasma + 5 mL HiCN reagent → reagent blank

Question 32

Remedy/corrective action: RBCs containing Hb S and Hb C → resistant to hemolysis → turbidity → ↑ hemoglobin concentration

Answer 32

1:2 dilution → multiply result by 2

Question 33

Remedy/corrective action: Abnormal globulins → turbidity → ↑ hemoglobin concentration

Answer 33

0.1 g of potassium carbonate + 1 L of HiCN reagent or use modified Drabkin’s reagent (contains KH2PO4 salt)

Question 34

Carboxyhemoglobin → cyanmethemoglobin (takes 1 hour) → result

Answer 34

erroneous results

Question 35

reagent must be stored in __

Answer 35

brown bottle or dark place

Question 36

acid hematin method principle

Answer 36

Blood + acid solution (HCl) → converts hemoglobin to brown acid hematin → diluted with distilled water until the color matches with the brown glass standard

Question 37

specimen of choice for acid hematin method

Answer 37

Venous blood anticoagulated with EDTA Blood from capillary puncture

Question 38

reagent for acid hematin method

Answer 38

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Question 39

Place ___ solution up to the mark 2 on the gram scale of the ___ (acid hematin method)

Answer 39

0.1 N HCl Sahli graduated tube.

Question 40

acid hematin method sources of error

Answer 40

Color matching is subjective. Fetal hemoglobin, sulfhemoglobin, methemoglobin, and carboxyhemoglobin cannot be converted into acid hematin. Acid hematin solution is not firm and stable, and the color development is slow. Light may affect the visual comparison of color.

Question 41

HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION: SPECIFIC GRAVITY METHOD

Answer 41

COPPER SULFATE METHOD

Question 42

SG of Copper Sulfate

Answer 42

SG: 1.053

Question 43

in copper sulfate method Drop of blood sinks within 15 seconds:

Answer 43

Hgb ≥ 12.5g/dL

Question 44

in copper sulfate method , Drop of blood floats:

Answer 44

Hgb < 12.5 g/dL

Question 45

HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION: POIN-OF-CARE TESTING (POCT)

Answer 45

HEMOCUE SYSTEM

Question 46

hemocue systmem, hb concentration is measured

Answer 46

photometrically (hemoglobinometer + disposable microcuvettes)

Question 47

Microcuvettes (approx. 10μL) contains lysing agent and reagents:

Answer 47

Sodium deoxycholate → lyses RBCs in the sample Sodium nitrite → converts Hb to MetHb Sodium azide → converts MetHb to hemoglobin azide

Question 48

❖ Hb concentration is measured at HEMOCUE SYSTEM

Answer 48

570 nm and 880 nm

Question 49

HEMATOCRIT DETERMINATION

Answer 49

MICROHEMATOCRIT METHOD

Question 50

MICROHEMATOCRIT METHOD principle

Answer 50

Blood → centrifuged → PCV (ratio of volume occupied by the RBCs to the volume of whole blood) → expressed as % or L/L

Question 51

SPECIMEN: microhematocrit

Answer 51

Venous blood (EDTA or heparin) Capillary blood

Question 52

centrifuge setting for microhematocrit method

Answer 52

5 minutes at 10,000 g to 15,000 g

Question 53

in hematocrit determination specimens must be centrifuged within

Answer 53

6 hours of collection

Question 54

reference range for hematocrit in male in conventional units

Answer 54

40-54 %

Question 55

reference range for hematocrit in female in conventional units

Answer 55

35-49%

Question 56

↓ hematocrit

Answer 56

Improper sealing Short draw Interstitial fluid or intravenous fluid contamination Blood loss

Question 57

↑ hematocrit

Answer 57

Insufficient centrifugation or delay in reading Disorders (sickle cell anemia, macrocytic anemia, spherocytosis, etc.) (1%-3% increase) Dehydrated patient

Question 58

used to detect: anemia, polycythemia, hemodilution, or hemoconcentration.

Answer 58

PCV

Question 59

used to calculate: mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC).

Answer 59

PCV

Question 60

(MCV)

Answer 60

mean corpuscular volume

Question 61

(MCHC).

Answer 61

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Question 62

most commonly used rule

Answer 62

3 × RBC = Hb | 3 × Hb = HCT ± 3

Question 63

RULE OF THREE: Applies only to

Answer 63

normocytic, normochromic RBCs