Laboratory checklist for the Neck

Question 1

what is SCM innervated by?

Answer 1

spinal accessory n.

C2,3

Question 2

muscle that is seen more posteriorly, right in front of trapezius? goes from manubrium to spinous process

Answer 2

splenius capitis

Question 3

what is muscle that is seen closest to the SCM, and posterior to the scalenes?

Answer 3

levator scapulae

- it lies more anterior and close to the neck than splenius capitis

Question 4

muscles through which the brachial plexus passes?

Answer 4

anterior and middle scalene
posterior fused to middle
all are innervated by ventral rami of cervical nn.

Question 5

space between the scalenes through which the brachial plexus passes?

Answer 5

interscalene triangle

Question 6

muscle that is seen directly anterior to the internal jugular, and passes over ansa cervicalis. goes from hyoid to clavicle.

Answer 6

omohyoid muscle: superior and inferior bellies.

innervated by ansa cervicalis

Question 7

nerve seen coming from erbs point and going to innervate the superificial region behind the skull

Answer 7

lesser occipital n.

C2,3

Question 8

nerve seen going up to ear region from cervical plexus

Answer 8

great auricular n.

C2,3

Question 9

nerve seen coming out from under posterior edge of SCM and going medially

Answer 9

transverse cervical n.

C2,3

Question 10

nerve seen coming out from under SCM and heading down to the chest

Answer 10

supraclavicular C3,4

Question 11

nerve seen lying on top of levator scapula, and sandwiched between splenius capitis and diving deep, gives off branch to the SCM

Answer 11

spinal accessory n.

Question 12

brachial plexus? what are the portions

Answer 12

superior, middle, inferior

Question 13

artery seen lateral to anterior scalene?

Answer 13

third portion of subclavian a.

- gives off dorsal scapula a - would jut out laterally very quickly

Question 14

what artery branches off of second portion of subclavian artery and runs out laterally over the anterior scalene and superiorly

Answer 14

transverse cervical a. (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

Question 15

what artery runs lateral to the first portion of subclavian and goes down over the anterior scalene?

Answer 15

suprascapular a. (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

Question 16

muscle of the neck

Answer 16

platysma

innervated by the cervical branch of the facial n.

Question 17

vein that lies over the SCM, is more anterior and swings out laterally

Answer 17

EJV

Question 18

vein that drains into EJV and is behind the ear?

Answer 18

posterior auricular v.

Question 19

veins forming communications and going under chin between IJV and AJV

Answer 19

retromandibular v.

Question 20

vein seen going straight up at the corner of chin?

Answer 20

facial v.

Question 21

veins seen just lateral to necks midline, over superior branch of the omohyoid?

Answer 21

anterior jugular v.

Question 22

vine that is seen between facial v. and retromandibular vv. found laying on anterior SCM

Answer 22

communicating branch of the common facial v.

Question 23

what two things pierce the thyrohyoid membrane?

Answer 23

internal laryngeal n.

superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 24

what a. runs through the brachial plexus?

Answer 24

dorsal scapular a. is seen running under medial trunk

Question 25

what muscle is seen just lateral to the sternohyoid m?

Answer 25

superior belly of omohyoid | n: ansa cervicalis

Question 26

muscles seen attaching medial to the hyoid bone of superior belly of omohyoid. is covering the thyroid gland

Answer 26

sternohyoid | N: ansa cervicalis

Question 27

two deep strap muscles? innervation?

Answer 27

sternothyroid (ansa cervicalis) | thyrohyoid (C1 via hypoglossal n.)

Question 28

parts of thyroid gland?

Answer 28

right and left lobes isthmus (in middle) - located at tracheal rings 2-4 pyramidal lobe (most likely on left - remnant of thyroglossal duct)

Question 29

what are levels of bones?

Answer 29

hyoid = CV3 thyroid cartilage = CV4-5 cricoid cartilage = CV6

Question 30

what are arteries seen going to thyroid and where do they come from?

Answer 30

superior thyroid artery (branch of external carotid a.) | inferior thyroid artery (branch of the subclavian a.)

Question 31

what are the nerve is seen lying beween internal carotid and trachea? right up next to trachea?

Answer 31

recurrent laryngeal n.

Question 32

what nerve lies lateral to the common carotid?

Answer 32

vagus n.

Question 33

what nerve branches medially off of vagus and goes up superiorly above thyroid? what are its branches and where do they go?

Answer 33

superior laryngeal n. internal laryngeal goes superiorly to thyrohyoid membrane external laryngeal goes inferior (hasn't been seen yet)

Question 34

this artery bifurcates at CV3 and comes off of brachiocephalic trunk on the right and directly off of aorta on right?

Answer 34

common carotid a. internal carotid a. seen more deeply and laterally external carotid artery is more medial/superior and gives off branches

Question 35

what are branches of external carotid artery and where do they go?

Answer 35

- superior thyroid (descends) - ascending pharyngeal (seen posterior, hard to see, goes up) - lingual (2nd medial branch coming off, goes under digastric m., passes deep quickly) - facial (3rd medial branch coming off, curly and goes up under chin, seen in omohyoid triangle) - occipital (artery coming off lateral to facial a. goes posteriorly) - posterior auricular (ends branches are maxillary and superficial temporal, won't see these)

Question 36

nerve under the anterior digastric, crosses external carotid, goes into tongue

Answer 36

hypoglossal n. runs with the lingual a.

Question 37

gland seen under mandible

Answer 37

submandibular gland

Question 38

muscle that makes a V under the chin? innervations?

Answer 38

anterior belly of digastric (mylohyoid branch of CN V) | posterior belly of digastric (digastric branch of CN VII)

Question 39

muscle seen anterior to the posterior belly of digastric muscle?

Answer 39

stylohyoid m. (digastric branch of CN VII)

Question 40

muscle seen forming the base of floor under the chin?

Answer 40

mylohyoid m. (CN V3, mylohyoid branch)

Question 41

artery seen first coming off of subclavian in first section and ascending and diving deep quickly?

Answer 41

vertebral a.

Question 42

trunk in the first portion of subclavian?

Answer 42

thyrocervical trunk

Question 43

what are branches off of thyrocervical and where do they go?

Answer 43

- inferior thyroid a. (medial branch) - ascending cervical a. (goes up straight) - transverse cervical (passes out lateral on top of anterior scalene m.) - suprascapular a. (goes out laterall across ant. scalene and passes down)

Question 44

what is the second trunk seen under anterior scalene and what does it give off?

Answer 44

costocervical trunk: deep cervical a. (goes up and deep) and the highest intercostal a (descnds down and posterior)

Question 45

what is artery seen going inferior in the first portion of subclavian?

Answer 45

internal thoracic a.

Question 46

what is branch coming off of subclavian lateral to anterior scalene m?

Answer 46

dorsal scapular a.

Question 47

what nerve is seen running between the IJV and common carotid?

Answer 47

vagus n. | give off vagal cardiac nn.

Question 48

nerve seen on top of the anterior scalene?

Answer 48

phrenic n. C3,4,5

Question 49

thin nerve seen close to trachea

Answer 49

sympathetic trunk | see sympathetic cardiac nerves

Question 50

what are ganglia given off by sympathetic trunk

Answer 50

- superior at C2 (C1-4) - middle ganglia C5,6 (C5-6) - seen crossing inferior thyroid a. - vertebral ganglia: surrounding vertebral a. (C7/8) - stellate ganglia: C7,8T1 (posterior and lowest)

Question 51

looping nerve from middle cervical or vertebral ganglia that wrap around surface of sublcavian a. medial to thyrocervical trunk and vagus, join inferior ganglia

Answer 51

ansa subclavia

Question 52

small vessel that enters root of neck b/w left border of esophagus and behind carotid sheath, dumps into jugulovenous angle on left

Answer 52

thoracic duct