Laboratory: Fecal Analysis

Question 1

What is not normally seen in fecal specimen?

Answer 1

RBC

Question 2

Intestinal gas is also known as

Answer 2

Flatus

Question 3

Digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas to the small intestine:

Answer 3

Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Amino peptidase
Lipase

Question 4

What type of fecal specimen is collected for testing?

Answer 4

Random

Question 5

Excess undigested and unabsorbed materials appear in the feces that may indicate ___ and ___

Answer 5

Maldigestion
Malabsorption

Question 6

Grams of feces excreted in 24 hours

Answer 6

100 to 200g

Question 7

Approx. ___ ml of ingested fluid, saliva, gastric, liver, pancreatic and intestinal secretions enter the digestive tract

Answer 7

9000 mL

Question 8

Under normal conditions, only between __ to __ mL of the fluid reaches the large intestine

Answer 8

500 to 1500 mL

Question 9

How many mL of water can the large intestine absorb?

Answer 9

3000 mL

Question 10

Excessive amount of water in the large intestine is excreted with fecal material, also known as ___

Answer 10

Diarrhea

Question 11

Production of small and hard stools is known as __

Answer 11

Constipation

Question 12

Large quantities of pus in stool commonly seen in patients with ____ _____ and ____ ____

Answer 12

Chronic ulcerative colitis
Chronic bacillary dysentery

Question 13

Upper GI bleeding, iron therapy and charcoal may cause the stool to be ____ (color)

Answer 13

Black

Question 14

Lower GI bleeding, rifampin, beets and food coloring may cause the stool to be ____ (color)

Answer 14

Red

Question 15

Pale yellow, white or gray color of stool can be caused by ____ or _____

Answer 15

Bile-duct obstruction
Barium sulfate

Question 16

Ribbon-like stools are caused by ____

Answer 16

Intestinal constriction

Question 17

Green stool is caused by ___, ____ or ____

Answer 17

Antibiotics
Biliverdin
Green vegetables

Question 18

Pale, bulky, frothy and foul odor stool can indicate ___ or ____

Answer 18

Bile-duct obstruction
Pancreatic disorders

Question 19

Intestinal wall damage, dysentery and malignancy can cause what type of stool?

Answer 19

Stool with blood-streaked mucus

Question 20

Intestinal irritation, inflammation, colitis and straining causes stool to be ____?

Answer 20

Mucus-coated

Question 21

Type of stool that is watery and no solid pieces in Bristol chart?

Answer 21

Type 7

Question 22

Type of stool that is sausage-shaped but lumpy in Bristol chart?

Answer 22

Type 2

Question 23

Type of stool that is sausage-shaped but with cracks in Bristol chart?

Answer 23

Type 3

Question 24

Type of stool that is soft blobs with clear cut edges in Bristol chart?

Answer 24

Type 5

Question 25

Type of stool that is separate hard lumps in Bristol chart?

Answer 25

Type 1

Question 26

Type of stool that is fluffy pieces with ragged edges in Bristol chart?

Answer 26

Type 6

Question 27

Type of stool that is sausage-like, smooth and soft in Bristol chart?

Answer 27

Type 4

Question 28

Odor of stool depends on the __ of the stool

Answer 28

pH

Question 29

Substances that produces normal odor formed by intestinal bacterial fermentation and prolification

Answer 29

Indole Skatole

Question 30

Undigested lactose can produce ___ odor of stool

Answer 30

Sweet

Question 31

Constipation odor

Answer 31

Scybala

Question 32

What are the two fecal electrolytes?

Answer 32

Fecal sodium Fecal potassium

Question 33

Laboratory test used to differentiate mechanism of diarrhea are __ __, __ ___, and ___ __

Answer 33

Fecal electrolytes Fecal osmolality Stool pH

Question 34

pH < 5.6 indicates ___ ___

Answer 34

Sugar malabsorption

Question 35

Fecal osmotic gap is calculated by ___, ___ and ___

Answer 35

Sodium Potassium Osmolarity

Question 36

A functional disorder in which the nerves and muscles of the bowels are extra sensitive

Answer 36

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Question 37

Altered motility describes conditions of ___ ___ (____) or ___ ___ (____)

Answer 37

Enhanced motility (hypermotility) Slow motility (constipation)

Question 38

This type of diarrhea is caused by increased secretion of water via infections

Answer 38

Secretory Diarrhea

Question 39

This type of diarrhea is caused by poor absorption that exerts osmotic pressure across the intestinal mucosa

Answer 39

Osmotic Diarrhea

Question 40

Osmotic gap less than 50 Osm/kg indicates?

Answer 40

Secretory Diarrhea Rationale: Greater than 50 Osm/kg indicates Osmotic Diarrhea

Question 41

Stool sodium greater than 90 mmol/L indicates?

Answer 41

Secretory Diarrhea Rationale: Less than 60mmol/L indicates Osmotic Diarrhea

Question 42

Stool output of less than 200g indicates?

Answer 42

Osmotic Diarrhea Rationale: Greater than 200g indicates Secretory Diarrhea

Question 43

pH less than 5.3 indicates?

Answer 43

Osmotic Diarrhea Rationale: Greater than 5.6 pH indicates Secretory Diarrhea

Question 44

Positive for reducing substances indicates?

Answer 44

Osmotic Diarrhea Rationale: Negative for reducing substances indicates Secretory Diarrhea