Labs

Question 1

What lab panel look at electrolytes, renal function, and liver function?

Answer 1

Metabolic Panel

Basic Metabolic Panel BMP look at electrolytes and renal function

Complete Metabolic Panel looks at electrolytes, renal function, and liver function.

Question 2

What lab panel looks at

Electrolytes:
Glucose
Calcium 
Sodium 
Chloride
Potassium 
CO2
Renal:
BUN
Creatinine

Answer 2

BMP

Question 3

What lab panel looks at

Electrolytes:
Glucose
Calcium 
Sodium 
Chloride
Potassium 
CO2
Renal:
BUN
Creatinine 
Liver: 
ALP
AST
ALT
Bilirubin
Total Protein 
Albumin 
Globulin

Answer 3

CMP

Question 4

Glucose normal range?

Answer 4

70-100 mg/dL

Hypoglycemia causes: diabetic patients, too much insulin or oral diabetic medication

Hyperglycemia causes: Diabetes, need more insulin, some medication increase like corticosteroids.

Question 5

Calcium normal range?

Answer 5

8.5-10.5 mg/L

Hypocalcemia causes: overactive parathyroid gland, low intake of Vitamin D

Hypercalcemia: Overactive parathyroid, high intake of Vitamin D. These patients are at risk for kidney stones, you want to monitor their renal status.

Question 6

Sodium normal range?

Answer 6

135-145 mEq/L

Hyponatremia causes: Sodium is regulated within kidneys, renal failure. Diuretics such as thiazides. Diarrhea.

Hypernatremia: Cushing syndrome. Dehydration. Renal Failure.

Question 7

Chloride normal range?

Answer 7

95-105 mEq/L

Hypochloremia: Severe lung disease and loop diuretics, emesis/diarrhea

Hyperchloremia: Renal Failure

Question 8

Potassium normal range?

Answer 8

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Hypokalemia: Loop diuretics, corticosteroids, Cushing syndrome, excess fluid loss

Hyperkalemia: Renal Failure, Addisons Disease, and Potassium sparing diuretics and ace inhibitors

Question 9

Carbon Dioxide normal range? (CO2)

Answer 9

21-31 mEq/L

Plays a role in acid base balance in the body

Low = acidic (DKA and toxic drugs can be a cause) 
High = Cause Respiratory issues such as COPD.

Question 10

Anion Gap normal range?

Answer 10

3-10 mEq/L

Shows metabolic acidosis

Question 11

Renal Function

BUN normal range?

Answer 11

5-20

High = kidney stress

Question 12

Renal Function

Creatinine normal range?

Answer 12

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

Creatinine is a waste product from muscle
Kidneys remove the waste product creatinine from the body
Kidneys are failing if creatinine is HIGH.

Question 13

Renal Function

GFR normal range?

Answer 13

> 60

Question 14

Liver Function
ALP normal range

AST normal range?

ALT normal range?

Answer 14

ALP: 40-120 U/L (High results indicate liver disease/bone disease)

AST: 10-40 U/L

ALT 7-56U/L (High levels indicate liver problems)

Question 15

Liver Function

Bilirubin Range

Answer 15

0.1-1 mg/dL

Product created from the breakdown of red blood cells taken place in the liver.

Question 16

Liver Function
Total Protein normal range?

Globulin normal range?

Albumin normal range?

Answer 16

Total Protein: 6.2-8.2 g/dL
Low: kidney is leaking proteins or renal failure
High: cancer or liver problem

Globulin 2-4 g/dL
High levels: immune problem like caner

Albumin: 3.4-5.4
Low: need to replenish to prevent vessels from leaking and edema occurring.

Question 17

Which multi drug infections require contact precautions including:

Good hand hygiene
gloves
gown

Answer 17

MRSA
VRE
CDiff
Scabies

Question 18

WBC normal range?

Answer 18

4,000-11,0000

Question 19

Absolute neutrophil normal count?

Answer 19

2,200-7,700