Labs test 1

Question 1

Na normal range

Answer 1

136-145

Question 2

K normal range

Answer 2

3.5-5.0

Question 3

Cl normal range

Answer 3

98-106

Question 4

CO2/ HCO3 normal range

Answer 4

23-30

Question 5

BUN normal range

Answer 5

10-20

Question 6

creatinine normal range

Answer 6

0.5-1.2

Question 7

glucose normal range

Answer 7

74-106

Question 8

critical values for K

Answer 8

<2.5 or >6.5

Question 9

WBC normal range

Answer 9

Adults/Child >2: 5,000-10,000/mm3

Question 10

WBC panic values

Answer 10

> 30,000 – Bone marrow disorder

<2,500 – Insufficient protection against invasive organisms

Question 11

RBC normal range

Answer 11

4.7-6.1 x10^6

Question 12

Hgb normal range

Answer 12

M: 14-18 g/dL
F: 12-16 g/dL

Question 13

Hgb panic values

Answer 13

Panic: <5 g/dL OR >20g/dL

Question 14

hematocrit normal values

Answer 14

M: 42-52%
F: 37-47%

Question 15

Hct panic values

Answer 15

<15% or >60%

Question 16

platelets normal values

Answer 16

150,000-415,000/mm^3

Question 17

platelets panic values

Answer 17

<50,000 or >1 million/mm3

Question 18

MCV normal range

Answer 18

80-100

Question 19

MCV>100 is called what

Answer 19

macrocytic anemia

Question 20

Absolute reticulocyte count formula

Answer 20

RBC count x % retics

Question 21

Corrected Reticulocyte Count

Answer 21

reported count x Patient’s HCT

_____________________
Normal HCT

Question 22

low ferritin levels is ASW what anemia

Answer 22

iron deficiency

Question 23

microcytic hypochromic anema causes

Answer 23

TICS: Thalassemia, Iron deficiency (late detected), Chronic disease (AOCD), Sideroblastic anemia, + possible Lead poisoning (but not top 4 ddx)

Question 24

atypical lymphocytes seen w/ what

Answer 24

viral infx

Question 25

atypical lymphocytes elevated >20%

Answer 25

mononucleosis

Question 26

absolute neutrophil count formula

Answer 26

total WBC x (%neutrophils + bands)

Question 27

CBC-D indication of left shift

Answer 27

increase in % neutrophils and bands compared to lymphocytes

Question 28

DVT prophylaxis INR value

Answer 28

1.5-2.0

Question 29

DVT INR values

Answer 29

2-3

Question 30

Afib INR values

Answer 30

2-3

Question 31

PE INR values

Answer 31

2.5-3.5

Question 32

prosthetic valve prophylaxis values

Answer 32

3-4

Question 33

test for pts on coumadin

Answer 33

INR

Question 34

test for pts on heparin

Answer 34

aPTT

Question 35

intrinsic causes of RBC hemolysis

Answer 35

• Hemoglobin defect: Sickle Cell
• Membrane defect: Spherocytosis
• Enzyme deficiency: G6PD

Question 36

When RBC are hemolyzed, what lab tests go UP?

Answer 36

-reticulocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase, unconjugated bilirubin

Question 37

When RBC are hemolyzed, what lab tests go DOWN?

Answer 37

In Hemolytic anemias, Haptoglobin decreases

Question 38

hypernatremia value

Answer 38

> 145

Question 39

msot common cause of hypercalcemia

Answer 39

hyperparathyroidism

Question 40

most common cause of hypocalcemia

Answer 40

s/p thyroidectomy

Question 41

increase in calcitriol affects Ca and phosphate how?

Answer 41

Ca and phosphate increase

Question 42

increase in PTH affects Ca and phsophate how?

Answer 42

Ca increases, phosphate decreases

Question 43

normal AST/ALT value

Answer 43

<1

Question 44

AST/ALT elevated in whom?

Answer 44

alcoholic liver dz

Question 45

ALT is sensitive and specific for

Answer 45

hepatocellular dz

Question 46

elevated alk phos level is most sensitive test for

Answer 46

metastases to liver

Question 47

LDH is elevated in which 2 conditions

Answer 47

MI, hemolytic anemia

Question 48

Elevated GGT + elevated ALP is specific for

Answer 48

hepatobiliary dz

Question 49

normal A1C range

Answer 49

4-5.9%

Question 50

What A1C levels indicate good, fair, poor control for a diabetic patient?

Answer 50

•Good diabetic control: <6.5%
–Fair control: 6.8-7.5%
–Poor control: >7.5%

Question 51

corrected Ca formula

Answer 51

[Ca mg/dL]+{0.8×(4−[Alb g/dL])}

Question 52

cell morphology ASW Post splenectomy, pyruvate kinase deficiency

Answer 52

Acanthocyte/spurr

Question 53

cell morphology ASSW liver dz, artifact on speciumen, malnutrition

Answer 53

Echinocyte/burr

Question 54

cell morphology ASW G6PD deficiency, oxidative drugs, Heinz body anemias

Answer 54

bite cell

Question 55

RBC morphology ASW thalassemia, hemoglobin C dz, liver dz

Answer 55

target cells

Question 56

RBC morphology ASW myelofibrosis, problems w/ bone marrow.

Answer 56

teardrops

Question 57

RBC morphology ASW asplenism, severe hemolytic anemia

Answer 57

howell jolly bodies

Question 58

RBC morphology ASW G6Pd deficiency, oxidative drugs

Answer 58

heinz bodies

Question 59

RBC morphology ASW multiple myeloma

Answer 59

rouleaux

Question 60

tests for macrocytic anemia

Answer 60

B12, folate, peripheral smear

Question 61

tests for normocytic anemia

Answer 61

workup of chronic dz, bone marrow biopsy

Question 62

tests for microcytic anemia

Answer 62

iron studies, Hgb electrophoresis, workup of chronic dz

Question 63

causes of macrocytic RBC

Answer 63

vit B12 / folate defic, liver dz, MDS, chemo

Question 64

mechanical valves can cause what RBC morphology?

Answer 64

schistocyte

Question 65

autoimmune hemolytic anemia can cause what morphology of RBC

Answer 65

spherocyte

Question 66

causes of hemolytic anemia

Answer 66

sickle cell, G6PD defic, splenic destruction, transfusion

Question 67

cause of microcytic normochromic anemia

Answer 67

renal dz