Ladder Ops Flashcards by michael gorraiz

Weight or equipment added during a remodel

Additional dead load

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Metal conduit used to protect electrical wiring

Armored cable

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A force that passes through the center of an object

Axial load

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Decorative wood with a routed bead, usually located in 30’s style buildings

Bead board

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Opening in masonry or frame walls to support roof or floor beams. May be restrained or unrestrained

Beam pocket

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Horizontal member used to support vertically applied loads across an opening

Beam

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Usually a wood member closing the gap between trusses on the outside bearing walls

Birdstop/ frieze board

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Course or courses reinforced with rebar and filled with grout, usually ties top of walls and holds ledger bolt and saddles for beams that support roof structures holding top plate in which trusses are nailed

Bondbeam

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Beam or column constructed of lumber, forming a hollow “box” spanning openings or columns

Boxbeam

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Outside strengthening column in a masonry or concrete building

Butress

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Hollow area in a block

Cell

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Ceramic components used to secure electrical wiring in the 30’s style buildings

Ceramic insulators

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Concealed space used to run electric, ductwork, and plumbing in a structure

Chase

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Concrete masonry unit/ cinder block

CMU

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Horizontal connecting member connecting roof rafters in conventional framing

Collar tie

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A vertical supporting member designed to carry a compressive load

Column

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A force that pushes together

Compression

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Refers to a row of brick or block

Course

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Small in-roof structures used to deflect water, usually hiding a concealed space

Crickets

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Weight of the building itself and any equipment permanently attached

Deadload

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Attic vent located on the roof where louvers are vertical to the roof pitch

Dormer vent

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A load that is applied off center

Eccentric loads

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Enclosed area of overhang creating a concealed space

Exterior soffits

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Beams with an angle cut away from the supporting wall or column designed to fail early in fire situation to prevent wall collapse usually in unreinforced masonry buildings, but still used today

Fire cut beam

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Formed metal used to seal roof coverings

Flashing

A truss designed to support itself and trusses from an additional section of the building

Girder truss

Metal plate with stamped gang nail used to connect wood in lightweight trusses

Gusset plate

Ends of blocks

Head

Beam spanning an opening in a frame building

Header

Sudden load delivered to a structure. ie jumping onto a roof

Impact load

Enclosed area creating a concealed space usually over cabinets, hallways, and bathrooms

Interior soffits

Vertical supporting member running from ridge to beam to interior bearing wall in conventional framing

Kingpost

Brick layed perpendicular to the wall structure in unreinforced masonry used for wall strengthening

Kingsrow

Wood member attached to exterior walls for hanging roofs and floors

Ledger

Reinforcing steel spanning an opening in a masonry building

Lintel

Any load other than dead load; water, snow, machinery, firefighters

Live load

Supporting members for rake overhang on a gable roof

Lookouts/barge rafters

Dividing panels in a window

Mullions

Vertical and horizontal space in a wall, usually associated with apartments, used for sound deadening and utility placement

Party wall/sound wall

Any memebr running at a ninety degree angle to the main supporting roof member

Purlin

Inside strengthening column in a masonry or concrete building usually supporting a roof member

Pilaster

14” drywall with holes attached to interior walls and ceilings covered with plaster. Used in 50’s style buildings

Plaster board

Steel cables in poured concrete capable of being tensioned after the concrete has cured(floors, high rise floors)

Post tension concrete

Tension applied to reinforcing steel before concrete is poured( bridge beams)

Pre tension concrete

Poured, preformed metal panels used as a sub base for lightweight floors and roof systems

Q decking

Vertical supporting member between ridge and outside bearing wall in conventional framing

Queen post

Roof overhang running from the fascia to the ridge

Rake/barge

Steel reinforcing bar for concrete and masonry, whose system for measuring diameter is based on eighths. I.e. #4 rebar = 4/8” or 1/2”

Rebar

Concrete with reinforcing steel

Reinforced concrete

Wood member running along ridge that roof rafters tie into in conventional framing

Ridgebeam

Horizontal member usually nailed to wall members. Usually in balloon type framing for attaching roof or floor structures

Rimjoist

Insulated electrical wire with outer plastic sheath used since early 50’s

Romex

Method of measuring roof angle by relation of rise to run i.e. 5/12 pitch = 5” of rise for every 12” of horizontal distance

Roof pitch

Lightweight truss where the bottom chord pitches up, forming a vaulted interior ceiling

Scissor truss

Opening in exterior walls or parapets for removing water off of roofs

Scuppers

Split wood shingle in varying dimension and thickness used for roof covering

Shake shingles

Structural component of a roof with horizontal louvers for attic ventilation usually in 30’s style buildings

Shed dormer

Plywood or osb plased on frame buildings for lateral support under siding or stucco

Sheer panel

A force that tends to break materials by sliding past each other

Shear

Flashing on asphalt shingle roofs to limit water damage to wood fascia

Shingle mold

Wood member with overlapping ends used in siding and overhangs

Side lap

Horizontal wood member running on bottom of wall panel

Sill plate

Window where bottom window panel slides vertically

Single hung window

1x4 slats used as a roof sheeting on 30’s style buildings. Laid with a 4” gap between slats. Used in conjunction with wood shingles.

Skip sheathing

Window where the window casing is steel and window panels crank out on hinges

Steelcase window

Plywood siding with decorative vertical grooves to imitate wood siding

T1-11

A force that pulls material apart

Tension

Steel rod used to keep walls and trusses from spreading

Tie-rod

Truss joist I-beam. Lightweight wood I-beam composed of laminated top and bottom chord with webbing of plywood or OSB used for roof rafter and floor joists

TJI

Method of nailing wood together at an angle

Toenail

Horizontal wood member running on top of wall panel

Top plate

A load that is applied in a twisting motion

Torsional load

Manufactured component based on a principle of compression and tension composing the roof system

Truss

Wood member with interlocking tongue and groove used for added strength and rigidity also for decoration

Tongue and groove

Coupling used to connect tie rods to apply tension

Turnbuckle

Concrete without any reinforcing steel

Unreinforced concrete

Center section of block

Web

Wire mesh attached to interior walls and ceilings covered in plaster. Used in early 40’s-50’s style buildings

Wirelath

Sawn wood shingle in uniform dimension and thickness used for roof covering

Wood shingle

Wood strips attached to interior walls and ceilings covered in plaster. Used in 30’s style buildings

Woodlath

Window where the window panel slides horizontally

X O window/ slider window

Buildings can be basically divided into four styles:

Masonry Frame Metal Concrete

The cave creek dam was built in_____

1929

_________ is one of the most useful tools in accurate size up. Pre-fire planning allows fire crews to view a building (or large yard, dump, etc.) at the most advantageous time-when it is not on fire.

Pre-fire planning

The importance of ________ camnot be stressed enough in successful fire ground operations and accurate size up activities!

Pre-fire planning

While placement of a ladder truck will not vary greatly between offensive and defensive operations, ________ will.

Ladder company functions

If the fire is contained to the attic and the interior of the structure is clear, maximum conversion in the attic space can be accomplished by keeping the attic intact and using a ________________. Vertical ventilation is not initially recommended.

Penetrating nozzle, or by making a hole with a 1 1/2 “ nozzle into the ceiling

When positioning on a fire wall, it is important to spot the apparatus parallel with the building, preferably with the turntable ____________

As closely centered with the fire wall as possible

When conducting rescue operations from elevated places, such as apartment buildings, hotels, etc. priority in ladder apparatus placement is given to the _________ not _________

Rescue effort first, fire suppression activities

Metal clad buildings should not be __________ vented

Vertically

_______ roofs are 4x8 panels comprised of a compressed cooler pad type material laid over panelized roofs or bar type trusses

Textrum

A 10x10 foot area 2 inches deep with water adds an additional ________ of water to the structure

5 tons