LAN, MAN, WAN, & GAN Flashcards by Berdugo Tiburcio

Any number of independent computer systems that are interconnected so that data exchange is possible.

Network

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Are set up to transfer data from one system to another, or to share resources, such as servers, databases, and printers on the network.

Network

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networked systems must be connected logically in addition to physically. The latter is established by special network protocols, such as?

Transmission Control Protocol

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networked systems must be connected logically in addition to physically. The latter is established by special network protocols, such as?

Transmission Control Protocol

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Depending on the size and range of the computer network, you can differentiate between

Different
Network Dimensions

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The most important network types include:

Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Local Area Networks (LAN)
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
Wide Area Networks (WAN)
Global Area Networks (GAN)

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The physical connection, which these network types are based on, can be _____ or _______
based on wireless technology.

cable-connected or implemented

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Physical communication networks often form the basis for several logical communication networks, so-called?

Virtual private networks (VPNs)

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These use a common physical transfer medium e.g. a glass fiber cable, when transferring data and are assigned to logically different virtual networks by means of tunneling software.

Physical communication networks

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To enable data exchange, modern devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers can be integrated into a network.

Personal Area Network (PAN)

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This can be wired in the form of a Personal Area Network (PAN). Common transfer techniques
include

USB or FireWire

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The wireless variety of LAN that is based on technologies such as Bluetooth, Wireless USB, Insteon, IrDA, ZigBee, and Z-Wave is known as

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)

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A wireless Personal Area Network,
which can be achieved via Bluetooth, is called

Piconet

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usually only stretch over a few meters, and are therefore not suitable for connecting
devices in different rooms or even buildings.

PANs and WPANs

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The communication between individual devices, a _______ also makes it possible to establish a connection to other networks, usually larger ones.

Personal Area Network

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The communication between individual devices, a Personal Area Network also makes it possible to establish a connection to other networks, usually larger ones, this is known as?

Uplink

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Primarily used to connect peripheral devices in the hobby and entertainment sector

Private Area Network

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Typical examples include wireless headphones, game consoles, and digital cameras. Within the Internet of Things (IoT)’s framework, _______ are responsible for the communication of control and monitoring applications with a low data rates.

Wireless Private Area Network (WPAN)

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Protocols such as _____ , ______, & _____ have been specifically designed for smart homes and home
automation

Insteon, Z-Wave, and ZigBee

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It is a network arranged within an individual person, typically within a range of 10 meters.

Personal Area Network

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used for connecting the computer devices of personal use is known as

Personal Area Network

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He was the first research scientist to bring the idea of the Personal Area Network.

Thomas Zimmerman

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Personal Area Network covers an area of

30 feet

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Personal computer devices that are used to develop the personal area network are the

laptop, mobile phones, media player and play stations

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There are two types of Personal Area Network:

Wireless Personal Area Network and Wired Personal Area Network

developed by simply using wireless technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth. It is a low range network

Wireless Personal Area Network

Personal Area Network is created by using the USB

Wired Personal Area Network

Examples of Personal Area Network that moves with a person.

Body Area Network

Examples of Personal Area Network can be created inside the home, so it is also known as a home network network.

Offline Network

This network is designed to integrate the devices such as printers, computer, television but they are not connected to the internet.

Home Network

Examples of Personal Area Network that it is used to connect a variety of devices to the internet and to a corporate network using a VPN

Small Home Office

If more than one computer is to be connected to a network, this usually takes the form of a?

Local Area Network

A widely-used standard for wired Local Area Networks is

Ethernet

Networks in public institutions such as those used by public authorities, schools, or universities, are also implemented as

Local Area Networks

Networking technologies such as? They are less common and widely outdated.

ARCNET, FDDI, and Token Ring

Data transmission is either electronically

based on copper cables or via fiber optic cables

If more than two computers are to be connected in one LAN, additional network components such as? They are needed, which act as coupling elements and distribution nodes.

hubs, bridges, and switches

The network type LAN was developed to enable

fast transmission of large amounts of data

Depending on the structure of the network and the transmission medium used, a data throughput of

10 to 1,000 Mbit/s

Enable convenient information exchange between the various devices connected to the network. In a business context, it’s common to share files, network printers, and applications via this network with several computers.

Local Area Network

If a local network is implemented via radio, it is referred to as a

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

The WLAN standard’s technical basis is defined by the

IEEE 802.11 family of standards.

offer the ability to easily integrate devices into home or corporate networks, and are compatible with wired Ethernet LANs

Wireless Local Area Network

The range of a LAN depends on the standard and the transmission medium, but can be increased by signal amplifiers, known as

Repeaters

Multiple LANs can be connected to a superior

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN)

It is a broadband telecommunication network that connects several LANs in close proximity.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

High-performance routers and high-performance fiber-based connections are used, which enable a significantly higher data throughput than the internet. The transfer speed between two remote nodes is comparable to that of communication within a LAN.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

The infrastructure for MANs is provided by

International network operators

Wired cities can be integrated nationally into Wide Area Networks (WAN) and internationally in Global Area Networks (GAN).

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A special transmission technology is available for MANs, which can be used to build powerful Metro Ethernet networks (MEN) based on Carrier Ethernet (CE 1.0) or Carrier Ethernet 2.0 (CE 2.0).

Metro Ethernet

This technology, known as ________ makes it possible to set up WiFi hotspots. These are several WiFi access points working together in different locations.

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)

The current transmission standard _______ is technically only available where copper cables have been laid.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

Is a network that covers a larger geographic area by interconnecting a different LAN to form a larger network.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Government agencies use this network to connect to the citizens and private industries

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

various LANs are connected to each other through a telephone exchange line.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

The most widely used protocols in MAN are

RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL

It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN)

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

is used in communication between the banks in a city.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

It can be used in an Airline Reservation.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

It can be used in a college within a city.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

It can also be used for communication in the military

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

connect areas that are near each other in rural or urban areas, the network extend across large geographic areas, such as countries or continents.

Wide Area Networks (WANs)

The number of local networks or individual computers connected in a WAN is

unlimited, in principle.

While LANs and MANs can be implemented because of their geographical proximity to the computers and networks based on Ethernet that are to be connected, technologies such as: And sometimes the outdated X.25 are used.

IP/MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy), SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy), SONET (Synchronous Optical Network), ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

are usually owned by an organization or company, and are operated privately or rented

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Is a network that extends over a large geographical area such as states or countries

Wide Area Network (WAN)

quite bigger network than the LAN

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Not limited to a single location, but it spans over a large geographical area through a telephone line, fiber optic cable, or satellite links.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

one of the biggest WAN in the world

The Internet

widely used in the field of Business, government, and education.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Examples Of Wide Area Networ that has a 4G network are widely used across a region or country.

Mobile Broadband

Examples Of Wide Area Network: A telecom company is used to provide the internet services to the customers in hundreds of cities by connecting their home with fiber.

Last mile

Examples Of Wide Area Network: A bank provides a private network that connects the 44 offices. This network is made by using the telephone leased line provided by the telecom company.

Private network

Advantages Of Wide Area Network

* Geographical area: A Wide Area Network provides a large geographical area. Suppose if the branch of our office is in a different city then we can connect with them through WAN. The internet provides a leased line through which we can connect with another branch. * Centralized data: In case of WAN network, data is centralized. Therefore, we do not need to buy the emails, files or back up servers. * Get updated files: Software companies work on the live server. Therefore, the programmers get the updated files within seconds. * Exchange messages: In a WAN network, messages are transmitted fast. The web application like Facebook, Whatsapp, Skype allows you to communicate with friends. Jens Martensson 26 ENGR. JUZ * Sharing of software and resources: In WAN network, we can share the software and other resources ike a hard drive, RAM. * Global business: We can do the business over the internet globally. * High bandwidth: If we use the leased lines for our company then this gives the high bandwidth. The high bandwidth increases the data transfer rate which in turn increases the productivity of our company.

Disadvantages of Wide Area Network:

* Security issue: A WAN network has more security issues as compared to LAN and MAN network as all the technologies are combined together that creates the security problem. * Needs Firewall & antivirus software: The data is transferred on the internet which can be changed or hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be used. Some people can inject the virus in our system so antivirus is needed to protect from such a virus. * High Setup cost: An installation cost of the WAN network is high as it involves the purchasing of routers, switches. * Troubleshooting problems: It covers a large area so fixing the problem is difficult.

A global network, such as the internet, is referred to as the

Global Area Network (GAN)

The _____ however, not the only computer network of its kind. Internationally operating companies also support local networks that comprise of several WANs and connect company computers across the world.

Internet

Use the fiber optic infrastructure from wide area networks and combine these with international undersea cables or satellite transmissions.

Global Area Network

Isa virtual communication network that uses the infrastructure of a physical network to logically connect computer systems.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

This can be any of the network types introduced above, however, the _____ is the most common transport medium

internet

Data transfer takes place within a virtual tunnel, which is built between a?

VPN client and a VPN server

If the public network is used as a transport medium, ______ are generally encrypted to ensure that data stays confidential.

Virtual Private Networks

are utilized to link LANs over the internet or to enable remote access to a network or a single computer via public connection.

Virtual Private Networks

It is a high-speed network of storage devices that also connects those storage devices with servers

Storage Area Network (SAN)

It provides block-level storage that can be accessed by the applications running on any networked servers.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

Help attach remote computer storage devices, such as disk arrays, tape libraries, and optical jukeboxes, to servers in such a manner that that they appear to be locally attached to the operating system.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

It is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer.

Controller Area Network (CAN)

It is defined as two or more computer network LANs or WAN or computer network segments are connected using devices, and they are configured by a local addressing scheme. And this process is known as?

Internetwork, interworking

between public, private, commercial, industrial, or government computer networks can also be defined as internetworking.

interconnection

An internetworking uses the

Internet Protocol

Types Of Internetwork:

1. Extranet 2. Intranet

The reference model used for internetworking is

Open System Interconnection(OSI)

is a communication network based on the internet protocol such as Transmission Control protocol and internet protocol. It is used for information sharing. The access to the extranet is restricted to only those users who have login credentials. It is the lowest level of internetworking. It can be categorized as MAN, WAN or other computer networks. An extranet cannot have a single LAN, atleast it must have one connection to the external network.

extranet

An ______cannot have a single LAN, atleast it must have one connection to the external network.

extranet

is a private network based on the internet protocol such as Transmission Control protocol and internet protocol

Intranet

An intranet belongs to an organization which is only accessible by the organization's employee or members. The main aim of the intranet is to share the information and resources among the organization employees. It provides the facility to work in groups and for teleconferences.

Intranet

Intranet advantages:

* Communication: It provides a cheap and easy communication. An employee of the organization can communicate with another employee through email, chat. * Time-saving: Information on the intranet is shared in real time, so it is time-saving. * Collaboration: Collaboration is one of the most important advantage of the intranet. The information is distributed among the employees of the organization and can only be accessed by the authorized user. * Platform independency: It is a neutral architecture as the computer can be connected to another device with different architecture. * Cost effective: People can see the data and documents by using the browser and distributes the duplicate copies over the intranet. This leads to a reduction in the cost.

LAN, MAN, WAN, & GAN Flashcards

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