TCP IP ARCHITECTURE

Question 1

determine how a specific computer should be connected to the internet and how
data should be transmitted between them.

Answer 1

TCP/IP Mode

Question 2

TCP/IP stands for

Answer 2

Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol

Question 3

purpose of TCP/IP

Answer 3

allow communication over large distances.

Question 4

specifically designed as a model to offer highly reliable and end-to-end byte
stream over an unreliable internetwork.

Answer 4

TCP/IP Protocol Stack

Question 5

TCP Characteristics

Answer 5

• Support for a flexible TCP/IP architecture
• Adding more system to a network is easy.
• In TCP/IP, the network remains intact until the source, and destination machines were functioning
  properly.
• TCP is a connection-oriented protocol.
• TCP offers reliability and ensures that data which arrives out of sequence should put back into order.
• TCP allows you to implement flow control, so sender never overpowers a receiver with data.

Question 6

Allow access to network resouces

Answer 6

Application Layer

Question 7

Provide reliable process to process message delivery and error delivery

Answer 7

Transport Layer

Question 8

Move packets from source to destination

Answer 8

Internet Layer

Question 9

Responsible for transmission between two devices on the same network

Answer 9

Network Interface Layer

Question 10

Layer interacts with an application program, which is the highest level of OSI model. The application layer is the OSI layer, which is closest to the end-user.

Answer 10

Application Layer

Question 11

two-way communication protocol which allows connecting to a remote machine and run
applications on it.

Answer 11

TELNET

Question 12

protocol, that allows File transfer amongst computer users connected
over a network. It is reliable, simple and efficient.

Answer 12

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Question 13

protocol, which is used to transport electronic mail between a
source and destination, directed via a route.

Answer 13

SMTP(Simple Mail Transport Protocol)

Question 14

resolves an IP address into a textual address for Hosts connected over a
network.

Answer 14

DNS

Question 15

a reliable connection-oriented protocol which handles byte-stream
from source to destination without error and flow control.

Answer 15

TCP(Transmission Control Protocol):

Question 16

an unreliable connection-less protocol that do not want TCPs, sequencing
and flow control. Eg: One-shot request-reply kind of service.

Answer 16

UDP(User-Datagram Protocol):

Question 17

The function of the Application Layers are:

Answer 17

• Application-layer helps you to identify communication partners, determining resource availability, and
  synchronizing communication.
• It allows users to log on to a remote host
• This layer provides various e-mail services
• This application offers distributed database sources and access for global information about various
  objects and services

Question 18

a networking architecture that defines how
data is transmitted between devices on
a network.

Answer 18

TCP/IP Architecture

Question 19

responsible for ensuring that data is
transmitted reliably from one device to
another.

Answer 19

TCP

Question 20

breaks the data into packets and assigns a
sequence number to each packet.

Answer 20

TCP

Question 21

builds on the network layer in order to provide data transport from a process on a source
system machine to a process on a destination system.

Answer 21

Transport Layer

Question 22

hosted using single or multiple networks, and also maintains the quality of service functions

Answer 22

Transport Layer

Question 23

control the reliability of a link through flow control, error control, and
segmentation or de-segmentation

Answer 23

Transport Layer

Question 24

decides if data transmission should be on parallel path or single path

Answer 24

Transport Layer

Question 25

adds header information to the data

Answer 25

Transport Layer

Question 26

arrange the packets to be sent, in sequence.

Answer 26

Transport Layer

Question 27

a second layer of TCP/IP layer of the TCP/IP model.

Answer 27

Internet Layer

Question 28

the layer which holds the whole architecture together

Answer 28

Internet Layer

Question 29

helps the packet to travel independently to the destination

Answer 29

Internet Layer

Question 30

It is also known as a network layer

Answer 30

Internet Layer

Question 31

The main work of this layer is to send the packets from any network, and any computer still they reach the destination irrespective of the route they take

Answer 31

Internet Layer

Question 32

Layer-management protocols that belong to the network layer are:

Answer 32

* Routing protocols * Multicast group management * Network-layer address assignment

Question 33

Lowest layer of the all

Answer 33

The Network Interface Layer

Question 34

The Network Interface Layer is also called

Answer 34

network access layer

Question 35

defines details of how data should be sent using the network.

Answer 35

The Network Interface Layer

Question 36

the year when the U.S. Department of Defense initiated a project called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) to develop a robust communication network that could withstand a nuclear attack. The initial network used a different protocol suite called NCP (Network Control Program) for communication between devices

Answer 36

late 1960s

Question 37

Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn developed a new protocol suite called TCP/IP, which was more robust and flexible than NCP. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) was designed to ensure reliable delivery of data between devices, while IP (Internet Protocol) was responsible for routing packets between devices.

Answer 37

1970s

Question 38

the TCP/IP protocol suite became the standard for ARPANET and other networks, including the emerging internet. The adoption of TCP/IP made it possible for different types of networks to communicate with each other, which was a significant breakthrough in the development of the internet

Answer 38

1980s

Question 39

the Internet Society was formed to promote the use and development of the internet. They established the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) to oversee the evolution of the internet and ensure that it remained an open, decentralized network.

Answer 39

1992

Question 40

Whenever you send something over the internet — a message, a photo, a file — the TCP/IP model divides that data into packets according to a four-layer procedure. The data first goes through these layers in one order, and then in reverse order as the data is reassembled on the receiving end.

Question 41

layer that interfaces with the physical network. It includes protocols for sending and receiving packets over physical media like Ethernet, Wi-Fi, or DSL.

Answer 41

Network Access/Interface Layer

Question 42

responsible for addressing and routing packets across the internet. The IP protocol operates at this layer.

Answer 42

Internet Layer

Question 43

This layer is responsible for end-to-end communication between applications running on different devices. The transport layer breaks the data into packets and adds a header that includes information about the source and destination IP addresses, the port number, and the sequence number.

Answer 43

Transport/Host-To-Host Layer

Question 44

the layer where applications or programs interact with the network. Protocols like HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) , FTP (File Transfer Protocol), SMTP, and DNS (Domain Name System) operate at this layer.

Answer 44

Application/Process Layer