Lange Flashcards
(100 cards)
What is separation anxiety disorder characterized by? How is this different from reactive attachment disorder?
developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from the home or form those to whom the individual is attached (comes home immediately after school, sleep in parents’ bed, physical symptoms at school, etc.)
Reactive attachment disorder requires “disturbed social relatedness, in most contexts, beginning before the age of 5”
Risk factors for a child developing an anxiety disorder:
1) parents who have overly controlling and rejecting style
2) parents who have a history of anxiety disorder
3) insecure attachment with primary caregiver
4) inhibited and shy temperament
How long must the angry/defiant and argumentative/easily irritated behavior be present for a child to get a diagnosis of ODD?
6 months
If untreated, ODD may lead to
conduct disorder
In BN patients, which of the following is elevated and which is depressed?:
K+, Cl-, H+, Na+, protein, Hgb
elevated: Na+
lower: K+, Cl-, H+, protein, Hgb
What is more commonly seen in children with MDD compared to adolescents with MDD?
psychomotor agitation; children with MDD may seem more anxious and irritable than sad and depressed
MDD adolescents are more likely to be hypersomnic, hopeless, weight change, drug abues
What is the most common method children use when attempting suicide?
substance ingestion
The approximate comorbidty of childhood anxiety disorders (overanxious disorder, separation anxiety disorder, panic disorder) and MDD is
50%
In Rett disorder, there is normal prenatal and perinatal development, normal head circumference at birth, and normal psychomotor development through the first ____ months of life. Between the ages of ________ months, there is deceleration of head growth, loss of hand skills w/ stereotyped hand movements, loss of social interaction, etc.
first 5 months: normal
between 5-48 months = abnormal
Risk factors for developing conduct disorder:
- absence bio dad
- mom with somatization disorder or alcohol abuse
- big family
- aggressive, unsupportive parents
What is the firstline treatment for Tourette disorder?
clonidine. TCAs can also be effective; risperidone and olanzapine have also been used
What is the diagnostic criteria for Tourette’s?
1) both multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic; do not need to occur concurrently
2) onset before age 18 (avg age of onset is 7)
3) tics nearly every day or intermittently for at least 1 year with no tic-free period longer than 3 months
What is “atomoxetine” and what is it used to treat?
Atomoxetine is a nonstimulant, NE reuptake inhibitor used to treat childhood and adult ADHD
Serum cholesterol is (high/low) in anorexia nervosa.
What about hemoglobin and WBC?
High (hypercholesterolemia)
leukopenia
normocytic normochromic anemia
Austistic chidlren generally lack what marker seen around 7 to 8 months? By which age would this marker usually go away?
stranger anxiety
7/8mo to 3/4 years
What are things associated with a better prognosis in schizophrenia?
age at onset, presence/absence of affective symptoms, acute/insidious onset, well- or poorly-differentiated symptoms, family history, premorbid functioning…
- later age of onset
- presence of affective symptoms
- acute onset
- well-differentiated symptoms
- lack of family history
- good premorbid functioning
While children with ADHD and children with mania are demonstrate distractibility, impulsivity, motoric overactivity, and pressured speech, what is different between them?
w/ ADHD: suffer from low self-esteem
w/ mania: euphoric
What is a frequent adverse effect of clonidine upon initiating treatment?
sedation; dry mouth less commonly (hypotension is also possible, but usually does not result in significant symptoms)
The coping mechanism where an individual adopts another person’s characteristics is called
identification. Note: it is also important in personality formation
Which of the following manifestations is the most likely outcome of childhood abuse?:
aggression, dissociative disorder, GAD, MDD, PTSD
MDD
Disobedience toward authority figures is characteristic of _____
Aggression and violating rules are symptoms consistent with _______
disobedience towards authority figures: OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER
aggression and violating rules: CONDUCT DISORDER
Alexia, agnosia, anomia, aphasia, apraxia
Alexia = Inability to read: Agnosia = Inability to recognize objects despite intact senses: Anomia = Inability to name objects seen though the object is recognizable and can be described: Aphasia = Inability to express or comprehend language (more global than alexia): Apraxia = Inability to perform learned motor skills despite normal strength and coordination:
What are the IQ ranges for mild, moderate, and severe mental retardation?
mild: 55 to 70
moderate: 40 to 54
severe: 25 to 39
What syndrome describes the following?:
Nihilistic delusional content; in addition to lost possessions, patients may feel they have lost blood, heart, intestines, as well as that the world beyond them has been reduced to nothingness.
Cotard syndrome
