language acquisition file 8 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in language acquisition file 8 Deck (40)
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1
Q

Lingustic universals

A

All basic features shared by languages

2
Q

Homesign

A

communicative gestures used to form an association with a meaning

3
Q

imitation theory

A

claims children learn a language by listening to speech around them and reproducing what they hear

4
Q

reinforcement theory

A

children learn to speak like adults because they are praised, rewarded when they use the right forms and corrected when they’re wrong

5
Q

active construction of a grammar theory

A

children actually invent rules of grammar

6
Q

social interaction theory

A

lean language through interaction with older children and adults

7
Q

high amplitude sucking

A

given a special pacifier that is connected to a sound generating system- technique used to study infants up to 6 mo. of age

8
Q

conditioned head turn procedure

A

used with infants 5-18months. two phases conditioning and testing

9
Q

VOT voice onset time

A

Voice distinctions that are heard

10
Q

Articulatory gestures

A

Involved in producing a particular sound

11
Q

Babble

A

Producing sequences of vowels and consonants (spoken language) hand gestures (signed language)

12
Q

Repeated or canonical babbling

A

7-10 months, continual repetition of syllables helps practice a sequence of consonant and vowel sounds

13
Q

Variegated babbling

A

Infant strings together different syllables

14
Q

age of behavior

12 weeks

A

cries less, smiles when talked to, coos for 15-20 secs.

15
Q

16 weeks

A

responds to human sound more definitely, search for speaker, chuckling sounds, distinguishes between [i] and [a]

16
Q

20 weeks

A

intersperses vowel-like cooing with more consonantal sounds

17
Q

6 months

A

Cooing babbling resemble one-syllable utterances [ma] [mu] [da] [di]

18
Q

8 months

A

continuous repetitions of the same syllable, basic intonation patterns, uses utterances to signal emphasis and emotions

19
Q

10 months

A

Mixes vocalizations with sound play (gurgling or bubble blowing), appears to imitate sounds but imitations not successful

20
Q

12 months

A

replicates identical sound sequences, words are emerging, shows definite signs of understanding

21
Q

holophrase

A

a one-word sentence

22
Q

Telegraphic

A

The speech of young children

23
Q

plurals

A

acquired by kids early but does not mean they have mastered it

24
Q

negatives

A

children go through stages in learning to produce negative sentences

25
Q

interrogatives

A

children can produce questions only by using a rising intonation rather than by using syntactic structure

26
Q

complexive concept

A

Creating a set of objects that do not have any particular unifying characteristic

27
Q

Overextensions

A

When a child extends the range of a word’s meaning beyond that typically used by an adult

28
Q

Underextension

A

Application of a word to a smaller set of objects than is appropriate for mature adult speech

29
Q

relational term

A

constitues a relatively complex concept. Two things kept in mind; absolute size of object and its position on a scale of similar objects

30
Q

deictic expressions

A

words referring to personal temporal or spatial aspects of an utterance whose meaning depends on the context

31
Q

infant directed speech

A

speech directed at children

32
Q

attention getters

A

to tell children which utterances are addressed to them and which they should be listening to

33
Q

attention holders

A

whenever they have more than one thing to say (a story)

34
Q

conversational turns

A

adults encourage children to take turns as speaker and listener in convo

35
Q

language mixing

A

using more than one language in a conversation or phrase

36
Q

second language acquistion

A

after acquiring native language learning second language later in life

37
Q

fossilization

A

morpho syntax or pronunciation can become fixed or not changed

38
Q

18 months

A

has repertoire of words-more than 3 less than 50, still engages in babbling now of several syllables, no frustration and not being understood, may include thank you or come here, progresses rapidly in understanding

39
Q

24 months

A

vocal of more than 50 words, joins vocal items into two word phrases, phrases appear to be own creations, increase in communicative behavior and interest in language

40
Q

30 months

A

fastest increase in vocab, no babbling, frustrated if not understood, utterances of at least two words, displays characteristic child grammar, not yet very intelligible