Language and Region Flashcards
Howard Giles study: Name? Date?
The Matched Guise study
1970
Howard Giles study: what is it?
-It basically suggest how far responses to speakers were due to an individual actions alone, so how people judged others based on their accents.
- status 1: RP. 2: national accents [Welsh, irish, scottish] 3: regional rural for: regional urban
Howard Giles theory: results
Personality: RP: seeing a self confident, intelligent and ambitious, but also cold and ruthless. Northern accent speech: honest, reliable, generous, sincere, warm and humorous
New York study: theorist? date? what was it? results?
-William Labov
-1966
-the study of the preconsonantal r - went to 3 different stores to ask a sales assistant a question which would elicit the answer “4th floor”
-lower class=more suceptible to the overt prestige of the “r”
-upper middle class=least susceptible to the the prestige form-changed the way they spoke less than other social classes
-all 3 lower classes changed the way they spoke
Martha’s Vineyard study: Theorist and Date?
-william labov
-1961
Martha’s Vineyard study: what is it? results?
-focused on the dipthongs [aw] and [ay] in “mouse” and “mice” - He interviewed people on the island-found that young men used this pronouciation the most-vineyarders-they hated the amount if wealth summer visitors.
-a group of fisherman began to exaggerate their accent subconciously to establish themselves as an independent social group
norwich study: theorist? date?
-peter trudgill
-1974
norwich study: what was it? results?
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reading study: theorist? date?
-Jenny Cheshire
-1982
reading study: what is it? results?
-relationship betweeem use of non-standard variables and adherence to peer group norms
- children who approved of peer group criminal-more likely to use non standard forms
-children who disapproved of PGCA less likely to use non standard forms
-Suggests that variation in dialect is a conscious choice influenced by social attitude
-Males are more susceptible to covert prestige
