Language key terms (word classes)

Question 1

Nouns:

Answer 1

Proper- refer to names of people/ places (James, England)

Abstract- refer to states, feelings + concepts that do not have a physical existence (love, anger)

Concrete- refer to objects that have a physical existence (countable: can be pluralised e.g. cup) (non-countable: do not take a plural form e.g. furniture)

Question 2

Verbs:

Answer 2

Material- show actions or events (hit, jump, wash, build)

Relational- identify properties or show states of being (be appear, seem, become)

Mental- show internal processes such as thinking (think, believe, wish)

Verbal- show external processes of communicating through speech (say, shout, scream, whisper)

Question 3

Adjectives + Adverbs

Answer 3

Base- the basic form of an adjective or adverb, modifying another word (big, interesting, carefully)

Comparative- a form used to compare 2 instances either adding ‘er’ or using ‘more’ (the parcel was bigger. That was a more interesting game. He read more carefully)

Superlative- a form used to compare more than 2 instances, identifying a best example (That was the biggest parcel. The most interesting game. It was the most carefully he had ever read.)

Question 4

Pronouns

Answer 4

Personal- refer to people (1st, 2nd, 3rd person), number (singular or plural) and gender (male or female)
I (1st person singular)
you (2nd person singular/plural)
she (3rd person, singular, feminine)
they (3rd person, plural)

Demonstrative- orientate the reader/listener towards a person, object or idea, either nearby or further away (this, these, that those)

Indefinite- refer to a person, object or idea, that is non-specific (someone, anybody, everything)

Question 5

Determiners

Answer 5

Articles- show that something is definite or indefinite
the (definite)
a/ an (indefinite)

Possessives- show ownership ( my, your, her, our)

Quantifiers- show either specific or non-specific quantities of a noun
one, two (specific)
some, any, a few (non-specific)

Question 6

Conjunctions

Answer 6

Co-ordinating- link words or larger structures such as phrases + clauses together where they are equal (and, but, or, yet)

Sub-ordinating-