Large Intestine Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the distal end of the alimentary canal?
Large Intestine
The large intestine is the final section of the digestive system, responsible for processing waste.
Approximately how long is the large intestine?
5 feet (1 meter)
The length of the large intestine is significant for its functions, but it is shorter than the small intestine.
Why is it called the large intestine?
Because of its larger lumen/diameter compared to the small intestine
The term ‘large’ refers to the diameter rather than the length.
What are the primary functions of the large intestine?
Absorption of water, store waste, eliminate fecal matter
These functions are crucial for maintaining body fluid balance and waste management.
What type of lining is present in the large intestine?
Mucosal lining that secretes lots of mucus
This mucus aids in the movement of waste through the intestine.
How does the muscular layer of the large intestine compare to that of the small intestine?
More prominent in the large intestine
The muscular layer is thicker to facilitate strong peristaltic waves.
What is required to push feces through the intestine?
Strong peristaltic waves
These waves are essential for the movement of contents through the digestive tract.
What are haustra in the context of the large intestine?
Pouch-like folds
Haustra help in the segmentation and movement of waste.
Where is the cecum located?
On the right side, most proximal part of the large intestine
The cecum is the beginning of the large intestine.
What extends from the posterior medial surface of the cecum?
Vermiform Appendix
The appendix is often associated with the immune function.
What does the ascending colon do?
Extends up the right side of the body superiorly away from the cecum
It then bends anteriorly at the right colic or hepatic flexure.
What is the transverse colon’s path?
Dips as it crosses to the left side to the left colic flexure
It then bends posteriorly to become the descending colon.
Where does the descending colon extend?
Down the left side of the body into the ‘S’ shaped colon (sigmoid)
This shape aids in the final processing of waste.
Where is the rectum situated in relation to the sigmoid colon?
More vertically and posteriorly, distal to the sigmoid colon
The rectum serves as the final storage area for fecal matter before elimination.
What is the process of emptying the rectum called?
Dedication
This process is important for the elimination of waste from the body.
