Small Intestine Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Absorption of digestive food nutrients
The small intestine provides a vast surface area for this process.
How long is the small intestine?
20 - 23 ft in length
This length allows for extensive nutrient absorption.
What is the reason the small intestine is called ‘small’?
The lumen (or diameter) is smaller than the large intestine
The large intestine is approximately 4 times larger in diameter.
How does chyme move through the small intestine?
Through peristalsis, which is a slow, controlled movement
This movement is not sudden but rather gradual.
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
The duodenum is the first part, connecting to the pylorus of the stomach.
What is the duodenum?
The first part (most proximal portion) of the small intestine, measuring about 10 inches
It connects to the pylorus of the stomach.
What accessory organs contribute digestive juices to the small intestine?
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
These organs help in the breakdown of foods.
Where is the small intestine located in the body?
Coiled up upon itself in the abdominal cavity
This coiling allows for efficient use of space.
What is the jejunum?
Middle section of the small intestine, approximately 8 feet long
Most absorption occurs in the jejunum and duodenum.
How long is the ileum?
11-12 feet long
The ileum is the most distal section of the small intestine.
What is the function of the ileocecal valve?
Controls the movement of material from the small intestine to the large intestine
It is a muscular sphincter.
What type of cells does the small intestine contain?
Mucus-producing cells
These cells help protect the lining from acidic chyme.
What is the primary action of the small intestine?
Absorption
The small intestine is crucial for nutrient absorption.
What structures in the small intestine provide greater absorption?
Long, tiny villi
Villi project outward and contain glands that secrete digestive enzymes.
What do lacteals in the small intestine absorb?
Fats
Lacteals are specialized lymphatic vessels.
What nutrients does the small intestine primarily absorb?
Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
These are essential macronutrients.
How long does it take for material to pass through the small intestine?
3-6 hours
This duration can vary based on individual digestion.
