large practical Flashcards
1
Q
Rumen
A
80 % on left
2
Q
Reticulum
A
middel and a Lille left
6-9 ics
Xiphoid region
3
Q
Abomasum
A
ventrally in contact with abdominal wall
4
Q
Cow abdomen percussion
A
upper third = mild tympanic
Lower 2/3rd = dull
5
Q
Hoflund syndrom
A
Something (like an enlarged liver) presses the vagus nerve
Stenosis
bloat
Froathy creamy rumen content
6
Q
Omasum
A
6-7 ics deep
7
Q
Reticulum pain tests
A
- zone test
- back grip
- Knee to elbow to xiphoid
- Pole test
- pain percussion
8
Q
Abomasal displacement
A
Left 90% of time
auscultation = spontaneous tinkling sounds
+ ballotation = splashing
+ percussion = metallic
9
Q
Horse stomach location
A
left
10-15 ics
10
Q
Horse cecum location
A
right
para lumbar fossa a bit dorsally
11
Q
Cattle T
A
38-39
12
Q
Calf T
A
38,5-39,5
13
Q
Sheep and goat T
A
38,5-39,5
14
Q
Lamb T
A
38,5-40
15
Q
Horse T
A
37-38
16
Q
Foal T
A
37,5-38,5
17
Q
Pig T
A
38,5-39,5
18
Q
Piglet T
A
39-40
19
Q
Cattle heart rate
A
60-80 beats/min
20
Q
Calf heart rate
A
70-90 b/min
21
Q
Horse heart rate
A
28-42 b/min
22
Q
Sheep goat and pig heart rate
A
60-80 b/min
23
Q
Resp rate Cattle
A
10-30 breaths/min
24
Q
Calf Resp rate
A
20-40 breaths / min
25
horse Resp rate
10-18 breaths/min
26
sheep and goat Resp rate
16-30 breaths/min
27
Pig Resp rate
20-55 breaths/min
28
Rumen contractions
7-16 in 5 min
29
Horse palpable Ln
1. mandibular
| 2. superficial inguinal
30
Horse palpable Ln only when enlarged
1. lateral retropharyngeal
2. Prescapular
3. ileosacral and mesenteric rectally
31
Cattle palpable Ln
1. mandibular
2. prescapular
3. superficial inguinal
4. subiliac
5. mammary
32
cattle palpable Ln only when enlarged
1. lateral retropharyngeal
2. parotid
3. ileosacral and mesenteric rectally
33
sheep and goat palpable Ln
1. prescapular
| 2. superficial inguinal
34
swine palpable Ln
superficial inguinal
35
Normal mucous membrane
```
pink
shiny
moist
intact
smooth
```
36
mucosa abnormal colors
```
pale= anemia
yellow=icterus (eq no gall bladder a little is normal)
dark red= dehydrated
bright red=grass sickness
Cherry Red= CO toxicoses
Blue= hypoxia cyanosis
Chocolate brown = met Hg
dirty red= endotoxaemia purple around incisors
```
37
heave lines
horizontal lines on the ventral abdomen when abdominal breathing
sign of RAO
38
Eq stimulated cough
```
intensive
sharp
high
short
dry
painless
snapping
does not recur
```
39
Cattle stimulated cough
```
medium intensive
medium deep
more dull
held
dry
painless
UNsnapping
does not recur
```
40
way of percussion
back to front
| up to down
41
air filled organs are
resonant
42
caudal lung border shifted
| back and down
Lung emphysema
43
decreased percussion area of lung borders
distended stomach/intestine/liver
pregnancy
ascites
abdominal tumor
44
elevation of caudoventral lung border
Pericardial effusion
cardiomegaly
(increased cardiac dullness)
45
Eq type of breathing
costoabdominal
46
Ru type of breathing
abdominal
47
Number of ribs in horse
18
48
Number of ribs in cattle and sheep and goat
13
49
Number of ribs in swine
14
50
Horse lung borders
Tuber coxae = 16
Ischiadic tuber = 14
shoulder = 10
51
Ru lung borders
Tuber coxae = 11
Ischiadic tuber = 10
shoulder = 8
52
Swine lung borders
Tuber coxae = 11
Ischiadic tuber = 9
shoulder = 7
53
Diernhofer triangle
btw caudal border of the heart
and the diaphragm
air filled lung lobe
54
Feel heart beat of horse
```
left = 3-6 ics
right= 3-4 ics
```
55
Feel heart beat of Ru and swine
left 3-5 ics
56
Horse cardiac dullness
absolute
| 3-5 ics
57
Ru cardiac dullness
relative 3-5 ics
58
Swine cardiac dullness
relative 2-3 ics
59
enlarged cardiac dullness
cardiac enlargement
cardiac dislocation
pericardial effusion
60
false enlarged cardiac dullness
dullness in neighboring organs
61
decreased cardiac dullness
Lung emphysema
sin emphysema
pneumothorax
heart dislocation
62
pulse location horse
1. facial
2. transverse facial
3. digital
63
pulse location cattle
1. facial
2. transverse facial
3. Coccygeal
64
pulse location small Ru
Femoral
65
pulse location swine
1. Caudal auricular
| 2. Coccygeal
66
pulse deficit
heart rate not equal pulse rate (should be same)
67
Cattle bloat symptoms
```
dyspnoe
mouth breathing
tongue protruding
extended head
frequent urination
```
68
Eq punta maxima
Pulmonary valve = Left 3rd ics
Aortic valve = Left 4th ics
Mitral valve = Left 5th ics
Tricuspid valve = Right 4th ics
69
cattle punta maxima
Pulmonary valve = Left 2-3rd ics
Aortic valve = Left 3-4th ics
Mitral valve = Left 4th ics
Tricuspid valve = Right 3rd ics
70
Eq large colon location
ventral left abdomen
71
Eq small colon location
dorsal left abdomen (above large colon)
72
Horner syndrome
```
Ptosis
Myosis
enophtalmus
sweating around eye
lacrimation
```
73
Eq neuro FL tests
hopping test
crossing legs placement test
wide stance placement test
74
Neck neuro check
comme les étirements avec Léo
75
Trunk neuro test
Panniculus test
| push horse laterally both sides at withers
76
HL neuro test
walk in a straight line with someone pulling on the tail to the side
77
Eq mental status
BAR
bright
alert
responsive
78
Cranial nerve 1
Olfactorius
| food
79
Cranial nerve 2
Opticus
Obstacle
Menace test
80
Cranial nerve 3
Oculomotorius
| mvmt and position of eyeball
81
Cranial nerve 4
Trochlaeris
82
Cranial nerve 5
Trigeminus
palpebral reflex
fingers in ears and nose-reaction
83
Cranial nerve 6
abducens
84
Cranial nerve 7
```
Facialis
symmetry of face
menace test
palpebral
corneal reflex
```
85
Cranial nerve 8
Vestibullocochlear
head tilt
noise reaction
86
Cranial nerve 9
glossopharyngeal
87
Cranial nerve 10
vagus
88
Cranial nerve 11
accessorius
| check neck muscles
89
Cranial nerve 12
hypoglossus
pull out tongue check tone
able to pull it back in mouth
90
check neck and spine eq
étirements comme avec Léo
| walk the horse with head held high (another person)
91
ataxia scale
```
1-5
3=moderate
4=drunk
5=recumbant
from stage 3 do not perform tests !
```
92
P wave
Atrial depolarization (contraction)
93
PR interval
from AV to Bundle of His
| increased = heart block
94
R R interval
Rythm
95
QRS complex
Ventricular depolarisation
| increase = ventricular escape rhythm crated by AV instead of SA node
96
QT interval
if increased = ventricular tachycardia
97
ST interval
elevation above line = heart attack
| Depression below line = ischemia
98
T wave
Ventricular repolarisation
