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OS 204 > Larynx And Pharynx > Flashcards

Larynx And Pharynx Flashcards

(81 cards)

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0
Q

Shape of pharynx

A

Funnel shaped

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1
Q

Widest area / narrowest area of the pharynx

A

Opposite the hyoid, inferior end

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2
Q

Type of epithelium present in pharynx

A

Upper - ciliated columnar

Lower - stratified squamous

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3
Q

Three layers of pharyngeal wall

A

Mucous membrane, fibrous layer, muscular layer

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4
Q

Pharyngeal muscles with external circular fibers

A

Superior, middle, and inferior constrictors

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5
Q

Pharyngeal muscles with longitudinal fibers

A

Stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus

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6
Q

Action and innervation of superior constrictor muscle

A

Contract and pull posterior pharyngeal wall forward during swallowing, aid soft palate in closing nasopharynx.
Pharyngeal plexus

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7
Q

Action and innervation of middle constrictors

A

Contracts and propels food bolus down into esophagus

Pharyngeal plexus

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8
Q

Action and innervation of inferior constrictor muscle

A

Propel food bolus down esophagus

Pharyngeal plexus

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9
Q

Action and innervation of stylopharyngeus

A

Elevate larynx and pharynx during swallowing

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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10
Q

Action and innervation of salpingopharyngeus

A

Assists in elevating pharynx

Pharyngeal plexus

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11
Q

Pharyngeal muscle not innervated by pharyngeal plexus? What innervates it?

A

Stylopharyngeus, cn9

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12
Q

Roof of the nasopharynx

A

Body of sphenoid, basilar part of occipital bone, pharyngeal tonsil

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13
Q

Floor of nasopharynx

A

Soft palate, pharyngeal isthmus

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14
Q

Anterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Choanae

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15
Q

Posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Anterior arch of atlas

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16
Q

Lateral wall of nasopharynx

A

Auditory tube, tubal elevation, tubal tonsil, salpingopharyngeal fold, pharyngeal fold

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17
Q

Enlarged pharyngeal tonsils

A

Adenoids

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18
Q

Maximum time between anesthesia and insertion of tube

A

6 mins

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19
Q

Roof of the oropharynx

A

Soft palate, pharyngeal isthmus

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20
Q

Floor of the oropharynx

A

Lingual tonsils, medial and lateral glossoepiglottic fold, vallecula

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21
Q

Anterior wall of oropharynx

A

Mouth and tongue

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22
Q

Posterior wall of oropharynx

A

C2 and C3

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23
Q

Lateral wall of oropharynx

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

Palatine tonsils

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24
Structure posterior to nasal cavity and superior to soft palate
Nasopharynx
25
Structure that extends from soft palate to superior border of the epiglottis
Oropharynx
26
Structure that extends from the superior border of epiglottis to the inferior border of cricoid cartilage
Laryngopharynx
27
Anterior wall of laryngopharynx
Inlet of larynx
28
Posterior wall of laryngopharynx
C3-C6
29
Lateral wall of laryngopharynx
Thyroid cartilage
30
Depression of laryngopharyngeal cavity in which swallowed foreign bodies may be lodged?
Piriform fossa
31
In what stage of life are the palatine tonsils in maximum size?
Early childhood
32
Small openings on the surface of tonsils?
Tonsillar crypts
33
Widest of the tonsillar crypts?
Infratonsillar cleft
34
Components of pharyngeal plexus
Branches of cn 10 and cn 9 plus sympathetic nerves
35
Sensory innervation of pharynx
V2 - nasopharynx Cn9 - most Cn9 and 10 - tonsilar plexus
36
Arterial supply of pharynx
Ascending pharyngeal, ascending palatine branch of facial maxillary and lingual
37
Venous drainage of pharynx
Pharyngeal venous plexus, internal jugular vein
38
Lymphatic drainage of pharynx
Deep cervical, retropharyngeal, paratracheal
39
The larynx is located on the levels of what cervical vertebrae
3-6
40
Connects the inferior pharynx with the trachea
Larynx
41
Laryngeal prominence
Adam's apple
42
Provides the area of greatest resistance to passage of air in the lungs
Larynx
43
Functions of the larynx
Guards air passages, esp in swallowing Maintwnance of patent airway Vocalization
44
How many cartilage pieces does the larynx have?
9
45
Paired cartilages of the larynx
Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform
46
Unpaired cartilages of larynx
Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis
47
Cartilage located at the apices of the arytenoid cartilage. Found in the posterior part of aryepiglottic folds
Corniculate
48
Cartilage shaped like a three sided pyramid that articulates with the upper border of cricoid lamina
Arytenoid
49
Cartilage which lies in the aryepiglottic folds and not always present
Cuneiform
50
Ring shaped cartilage of larynx
Cricoid
51
Largest cartilage of larynx made of 2 lamina fused anteriorly to form adams apple
Thyroid
52
The cricoid lies in what level of the cervical vertebrae in adults
C6
53
Thin, leaflike cartilage located behind root of tongue
Epiglottis
54
Mucous membrane covering epiglottis continues onto base of tongue, forming 2 depressions called _____
Epiglottic valleculae
55
Extends from thyroid cartilage to arytenoid cartilage
Vocal ligament
56
Extends from thyroid and arytenoid cartilage above the vocal fold
Vestibular ligament
57
Depressors of the larynx as a whole
Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid
58
Elevators of the larynx as a whole?
Stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric, stylopharyngeus
59
Focal point of movement of intrinsic laryngeal muscles
Arytenoid cartilage
60
Muscle which closes laryngeal inlet
Aryepiglottis
61
Muscle which opens laryngeal inlet
Thyroepiglottis
62
Muscle which dilates rima glottidis
Posterior crycoarytenoid, assisted by lateral cricoarytenoid
63
Muscle which closes rima glottidis
Inter-arytenoid
64
Muscle which lengthens vocal cords
Cricothyroid
65
Muscle which shortens vocal cords
Thyroarytenoid
66
Muscle which tense the vocal cords
Vocalis
67
Anterior boundary of laryngeal inlet
Upper edge of epiglottis
68
Posterior boundary if laryngeal inlet
Sheath of mucous membrane stretched bet. 2 arytenoid cartilages
69
Lateral boundary of laryngeal inlet
Free edge of Aryepiglottic fold
70
Projections formed posteriorly by the arytenoid cartilage
Aryepiglottic fold
71
Divisions of the interior of larynx
Vestibule and ventricle
72
Folds of mucous membrane stretching from angle of the thyroid cartilage to vocal process of arytenoid
Ventricular folds (true cords)
73
Folds running on both sides as fibrous tissue passing from the anterolateral surface of arytenoid to angle of thyroid cartilage
Vestibular fold (false cords)
74
Blood supply of larnyx
Superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid), inferior thyroid artery
75
Major innervation of the larynx
Superior laryngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve
76
Purely sensory branch of superior laryngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve
77
Innervation of the cricothyroid
External laryngeal nerve
78
Sensory innervation of mucous membrane below vocal cords
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
79
Motor innervation of all muscles except cricothyroid
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
80
Differences in infant and adult larynx in terms of A. Anatomic position B. Level of cricoid cartilage C. Epiglottis and tongue size
A. Infant more anterior B. C3-c4 in infant, c6 in adult C, larger in infant

OS 204 (9 decks)

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