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animal science lecture part 2 > last endocrine lecture > Flashcards

last endocrine lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the endorcine hormones made

A

the hypothamulus

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2
Q

most feed back mechanisms in the neuroendocrine system are

A

negative

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3
Q

What are the steps of milk-let down

A
  1. Young will suckle
  2. machoreceptros stimulated
  3. afferent neurons going to the hypothalamus cause release of oxytocin
  4. Cause contraction of myoepithelial cells to cause milk let down
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4
Q
A
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5
Q

What does vassopressin do specifically

A

contract smooth muscle around the blood vessels and water reabsorption in the kidneys before lost in the urine

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6
Q

what do Somatotropes secret

A

growth hormone

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7
Q

dopamine has a negative feedback effect on prolactin

A

i know this

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8
Q

GHRH

A

secreted by the hypothalamus ,growth hormone releasing hormone, signaling the release of growth hormone

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9
Q

GHIH

A

secreted by the hypothalamus and is negative feedback for growth hormone in the pituitary gland

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10
Q

how does growth hormone effect metabolism

A

more acute or immediate effects

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11
Q

how does growth hormone effect growth

A

chronic effect

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12
Q

gigantism

A

excess amount of growth hormone and IGF-1, starts in adolescence,

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13
Q

acomegly

A

excess amount of growth hormone and IGF-1, hits later in life, widing of bones

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14
Q

laron syndrome

A

insensitivity to GH, resulting in short stature; mutation in GH receptor gene

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15
Q

corticotopes produce what

A

secrete ACTH, from the anterior pituitary gland

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16
Q

coricotrope stimulation is stimulated by

A

crotocaptropin releasing hormone (CRH)

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17
Q

ACTH stimulates the ___-

A

The adrenal cortex zona facisculata produces glucocorticoids (cortisol and androgen

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18
Q

what are the cells called that sceret hormones from the anterior pituitary glands

A

trope hormones

19
Q

Thyroid releasing hormone from trope cells does what

A

simulates thyrotropes that secrete thyroid simulating hormones into the blood

20
Q

What does TSH do

A

stimulates principle cells within the thyroid gland to produce t3 and t4

21
Q

Which is the most active thyroid hormone

A

t3

22
Q

t4 is converted from 4 to 3 by enzyme

A

5’ 3’ deiodinase

23
Q

a large protein inside the thyriod follicle

A

thyroglobulin

24
Q

Thyroglobulin requires what compound

A

iodine

25
Q

An abdnormanly enlarged thyroid gland is called?

A

goiter

26
Q

condition with enlarged thyroid

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

27
Q

where does the parathryriod gland come into play

A

A decrease in blood calcium levels causes its cheif cells to release PTH which increases bone osteoclast activity and release of calcium phosphate

28
Q

increased concentration of blood calcium causes ____ in thyriod to realse ___that inhibits osteoclast activity

A

c cells; calcitonin

29
Q

where is the heart located in the body

A

the pericardial cavity

30
Q

right pump of the heart

A

Collects oxygen depleted blood from tissues and sends it into lungs (pulmonary circulation)

31
Q

left pump of the heart

A

collects oxygen-rich blood and pumps it into body tissues (systemic circulation)

32
Q

atrium

A

collects blood entering the heart

33
Q

ventricle

A

forces blood out of the heart

34
Q

ateries

A

carry blood way from the heart

35
Q

veins

A

carry blood to the heart

36
Q

myocardium

A

in the middle of epicardium and endocardium

37
Q

What is the myocardium consist of

A

interlacing bundles of myocardiocytes (cardiac muscle cells)

38
Q

intercalted dics of the heart muscle contain

A

gap juncitons and desomsomes

39
Q

what is the purpose of the gap junctions in the heart muscle

A

Allow for the spread of action potentials. between mayo-cardiocytes, throughout the myocardium

40
Q

pacemaker cells

A

A particular conductivity cell found in the cardiac muscle that generates action potentials that spread throughout the gap junctions

41
Q

heart contraction

A

systole; heart blood ejction

42
Q

Heart relaxation

A

diastole; heart blood filling

43
Q

where are pacemakers located

A

sinoatrial node

44
Q
A

animal science lecture part 2 (8 decks)

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