Lateral Posterior Leg

Question 1

Innervates the entire medial side of the leg in the front

Answer 1

Saphenous nerve

Question 2

Innervates posterior, lateral, inferior aspect of the leg

Answer 2

Sural Nerve

Question 3

Tendon Sheaths of the Ankle

Answer 3

Superior Extensor Retinaculum
Inferior Extensor Retinaculum
Peroneal and Flexor Retinaculum

Question 4

Fibularis Longus/Brevis has the same sheath in the ____ retinaculum but separate sheaths in the _____ retinaculum

Answer 4

Superior Peroneal Retinaculum, Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

Question 5

Which takes its origin more proximally the fibularis longs or the fibularis brevis

Answer 5

fibularis longus

Question 6

Two muscles in the lateral compartment

Answer 6

Fibularis longus and Fibularis Brevis

Question 7

Nerve of the lateral compartment

Answer 7

superficial fibula nerve

Question 8

Artery of the lateral compartment

Answer 8

fibula (peroneal) artery

Question 9

Fibularis Longus

Answer 9

Origin: proximal 2/3 of the fibula
Runs down lateral side of the leg down the sole of your foot
Inserts: First metatarsal and lateral aspect of the medial cuneiform
Function: eversion, planar flexion (synergist- because at the talar crural joint it is posterior t the axis of rotation)
Innervated: Superficial fibular nerve (L5,S1,S2)
Blood Supply: Fibular Artery

Question 10

Fibularis Brevis

Answer 10

Origin: Inferior 2/3 of the Fibula- there is some overlap between the longus and brevis
Insertion: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal - does not trace under the sole of the foot
Function: eversion, plantar flexion
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve (L5,S1,S2)
Blood Supply: Fibular Artery

Question 11

Three types of stability

Answer 11

Passive- ligaments, capsules, etc.
Active- muscles
Proprioception- neuromuscular control

Question 12

Size order of compartments of the leg

Answer 12

lateral compartment smallest, posterior compartment largest, anterior compartment in the middle

Question 13

3 Muscles of the Leg Superficial Posterior

Answer 13

Gastrocneumius 2 headed muscle
Soleus (anti-gravity muscle)
Plantaris(muscle spindles)

Question 14

Gastrocnemius

Answer 14

Origin:
medial head: medial femoral condyle
lateral head: lateral femoral condyle
Insertion: Achilis tendon which inserts onto the posterior aspect of the calcareous
Innervated: Tibial Nerve (S1 and S2)
Function: at the ankle does plantar flexion at the knee it does knee flexion

Question 15

Soleus

Answer 15

Origin: posterior aspect of the fibula including the head of the posterior medial border of the tibia (does not touch the interosseus membrane since it is not deep enough)
Insertion: achilis tendon which inserts on the posterior aspects of the calcareous
Innervation: Tibial Nerve (S1 and S2)
Function: Plantar Flexion

This is a type I postural muscle especially when you stand- antigravity muscle- gravity would make you fall back on your butt

Stretch this muscle in dorsiflexion with knee bent to isolate the soles stretch in dorsiflexion and knee extension to also stretch the gastrocneius

Question 16

Plantaris

Answer 16

Origin: Oblique popiteal ligament- lateral posterior distal femur
Insertion: Achilis tendon which inserts on the posterior aspect of the calcaneous
Innervated: Tibia Nerve
Function: Don’t really know what this muscle does - some say Plantar Flexion
Has muscle spindles that respond to changes in length- muscle spindle stretch reflex

Question 17

Femoral artery becomes the

Answer 17

Popiteal artery

Question 18

Popiteal artery goes through the hiatus in the ____ and splits into the ____ and _____

Answer 18

Soleus, Anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery

Question 19

Anterior tibial artery blood supply to the ____ compartment

Answer 19

anterior

Question 20

Posterior tibial artery blood supply _____ compartment

Answer 20

Posterior

Question 21

Posterior tibial artery runs down back of the leg gives off largest branch to the _____ artery

Answer 21

Peroneal

Question 22

Peroneal Artery heads posterior to the ____ and pierces flexor retinaculum 4 compartments which contain

Answer 22

medial malleolus
Compartments:
      Tibialis Posterior
      Flexor Digitorum Longus
      Artery, Vein, Nerve
      Flexor Hallucis Longus
(Tom, Dick, A Very Nervous, Harry

Question 23

Superficial posterior compartment is separated from the deep posterior compartment by

Answer 23

transverse intermuscular septum

Question 24

3 Deep muscles in Deep Posterior Leg

Answer 24

Flexor Hallucis Longus: lateral
Flexor Digitorum Longus: Medial
Tibialis Posterior: Middle Deepest

Question 25

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 25

Origin: Inferior Posterior Lateral Surface of the fibula and the interosseus membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanx digit 1
Innervated: Tibia Nerve (S1, S2)
Function: Flex big toe, plantar flex ankle (synergist)

Question 26

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 26

Origin: Posterior Surface of the tibia and fibula (does not touch the interosseous membrane)
Insertion: inserts distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Innervated: Tibia Nerve (S2, S3)
Function: Flexes digits - can assist with plantar flexion

Question 27

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 27

Origin: Posterior Fibula, interossus membrane and posterior aspect of the tibia inferior to the soleal line
Insertion: metatarsal 1, navicular, cuboid, all the cuneiforms and sometimes metatarsals 2,3, and 4
Innervated: Tibia Nerve
Function: Plantar flexion and innervsion

Question 28

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

Answer 28

Shin Splints

Question 29

Popliteus

Answer 29

above posterior compartment above the knee (not in posterior compartment)
Origin: lateral condyle of the femur, lateral meniscus
Insertion: posterior surface of the tibia superior to soleal line (only one that is superior to the soleal line)
Innervation: Tibial Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Action: Unlocks the knee, flexes it