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Clin Chem 2 (Laboratory) > LD, CK, ACP > Flashcards

LD, CK, ACP Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two enzymatic activity measurements?

A
  • endpoint
  • kinetic
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2
Q

This type of reaction combines reactants, stops the reaction at a fixed time, and then measures the product formed

A

Endpoint

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3
Q

Endpoint reaction combines reactants, stops the reaction at what fixed time?

A

20 mins

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4
Q

Activity of the enzyme is based on the final absorbance reading

A

Endpoint

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5
Q

this type of reaction measure the total amount of substrate/products

A

endpoint

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6
Q

In this type of reaction, the total amount of analytes is consumed

A

Endpoint

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7
Q

Endpoint is a type of reaction that combines WHAT, stops WHAT at a WHAT, and then WHAT?

A

Type of reaction that combines REACTANTS, stops REACTION at a FIXED TIME, and then MEASURES THE PRODUCT FORMED

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8
Q

In the endpoint reaction, the activity of the enzyme is based on what?

A

based on the final absorbance reading

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9
Q

What is measured in the endpoint method?

A

measure the total amount of substrate/product

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10
Q

What is consumed in the endpoint method?

A

total amount of analytes consumed

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11
Q

This type of reaction combines reactants, then measures the change in absorbance at specific time intervals over a specific time period

A

Kinetic method

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12
Q

The kinetic method is measured at what specific time intervals like?

A

60 seconds

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13
Q

In this method, the activity of the enzyme is based on the change in absorbance over time

A

kinetic method

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14
Q

In this method, multiple measurements are taken over the course of the reaction

A

Kinetic method

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15
Q

The kinetic method is a type of reactions that combines WHAT, then WHAT at WHAT over WHAT?

A

A type of reaction that combines REACTANTS, then MEASURES THE CHANGE IN ABSORBANCE at SPECIFIC TIME INTERVALS over a SPECIFIC TIME PERIOD

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16
Q

In the kinetic method, the activity of the enzyme is based on what?

A

based on the change in absorbance over time

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17
Q

In the kinetic method, what is being measured?

A

multiple measurements are taken over the course of the reaction

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18
Q

What is the tissue location of LD?

HE SKL

A
  • Heart
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Kidney
  • Liver
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19
Q

LD at highest concentrations is located where?

HE SKL

A
  • Heart
  • Erythrocytes
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Kidney
  • Liver
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20
Q

These consist of four subunits derived from two types of polypeptides designated M and H

A

LD isoenzymes

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21
Q

LD isoenzymes consists of how many subunits?

A

4 subunits

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22
Q

These 4 subunits are called what?

A

polypeptide chains

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23
Q

LD isoenzymes are derived from what?

A

derived from two types of polypeptides designated M and H

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24
Q

The two polypeptides in LD isoenzymes designated M and H means what?

A
  • muscle = msucle/liver
  • H = heart
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25
acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and erythrocyte destruction
LD-1 and LD-2
26
LD-1 and LD-2
acute myocardial infarction and erythrocyte destruction
27
Is associated with pulmonary disorders, pancreatitis, and lymphocytosis
LD-3
28
LD-3 is associated with what?
- pulmonary disorders - pancreatitis - lymphocytosis
29
LD-4 and LD-5 are associated with what?
- liver and skeletal muscle disorders
30
These are associated with liver and skeletal muscle disorders
LD-4 and LD-5
31
In AMI, the rise of LD is within how many hours?
8-12 hours
32
In AMI, LD peaks within how many hours?
24-48 hours
33
In AMI, LD levels return to normal in how many days?
7-10 days
34
LD and LD isoenzymes are used to diagnose AMI | true or false
false | not diagnosed
34
LD and LD isoenzymes are used to diagnose AMI | true or false
false | not used to diagnose
35
They rise within 8-12 hours
LD levels in AMI
36
They peak at 24-48 hours
LD levels in AMI
37
They return in 7-10 days
LD levels in AMI
38
Knowledge of the pattern of LD and LD isoenzymes may be used for what?
used when assessing concurrent liver damage
39
This may be useful when assessing concurrent liver damage
the knowledge of the pattern of LD and LD isoenzymes
40
What is the test methodology for LD?
Lactate + NAD ---> (acted upon by LD) pyruvate + NADH + H
41
What is the pH of LD?
pH 8.3 - 8.9
42
What is the tissue location of CK and CK isoenzymes? | BRAIN HEART SKELETAL
- Brain tissue - Heart muscle - Skeletal muscle
43
CK isoenzymes consist of how many subunits?
2 subunits
44
These consists of 2 subunits
CK and CK isoenzymes
45
What are the 2 subunits of CK isoenzymes?
- M - muscle - B - brain
46
This is a dimer with three possible types: CK-MM, CK-MB, and CK-BB
CK isoenzymes
47
Each CK isoenzyme is a dimer with how many possible types?
3
48
What are the 3 possible types of each CK isoenzyme?
- CK-MM - CK-MB - CK-BB
49
CK-MM is also called ...
CK-3
50
CK-MB is also called ...
CK-2
51
CK-BB is called ...
CK-1
52
# Healthy individuals: This CK is the major isoenzyme
CK-MM
53
This CK is not normally detected
CK-BB
54
CK-MB is not normally detectable | true or false
FALSE | CK-BB
55
CK-MB is not normally detectable | true or false
FALSE | CK-BB
56
This CK is in small amount
CK-MB
57
CK-MB in small amount is how many percent of the total CK?
less than 6% of total CK
58
# Healthy individuals: CK-MM is associated with what?
skeletal muscle and heart muscle disorders
59
Skeletal muscle and heart muscle disorders are associated with what?
CK-3
60
It is less than 6% of the total CK?
CK-2
61
Increases in this CK are associated with heart muscle damage
CK-MB
62
CK-MB is associated with what?
increase with heart muscle damage
63
Elevations in CK-MB are indicative of what?
Indicative of AMI with troponin test
64
This is indicative of AMI with troponin test
CK-MB elevations
65
It is elevated in central nervous system disorders and tumors of various organs, including prostate glans
CK-BB
66
CKK-BB is elevated in what?
elevated in CNS and tumors of various organs, including prostate gland
67
In AMI, CK-BB levels rise within 4-6 hours, peak at 12-24 hours, and return to normal within 2-3 days | true or false
false | CK-MB
67
In AMI, CK-BB levels rise within 4-6 hours, peak at 12-24 hours, and return to normal within 2-3 days | true or false
false | CK-MB
68
In AMI, CK-MB levels rise within how many hours?
4-6 hours
69
In AMI, CK-MB levels peak at how many hours?
12-24 hours
70
In AMI, CK-MB levels return to normal within how many hours?
2-3 days
71
What is the test methodology for CK?
1. Creatine phosphate +ADP --> creatine +ATP 2. ATP + glucose ----> ADP + glucose-6-phosphate 3. Glucose-6-phosphate + NADP ---> 6-phosphogluconate +NADPH + H
72
What is the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction in LD?
Lactate dehdyrogenase
73
What enzyme catalyzes the first reaction in CK test methodology?
creatine kinase / Mg2+
74
What enzyme catalyzes the second reaction of the CK teste methodology?
hexokinase
75
What is the enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in the CK test methodology?
G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
76
What is the enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in the CK test methodology?
G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
77
CK levels is at highest concentrations in what? | BSH
- Skeletal muscle - Heart muscle - Brain tissue
78
ACP at highest concentrations located where? | SLEPP
- Spleen - Liver - Erythrocytes - Prostate glands - Platelets
79
ACP is increased in what? | BBB PPP GI
- Benign prostatic hypertrophy - Bone disease - Breat cancer with bone metastases - Prostate cancer - Platelet damage - Paget disease - Gaucher disease - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
80
ACP is useful in what?
useful in forensic cases
81
ACP is useful in forensic cases involving what?
involving rape
82
ACP is useful in forensic cases involving rape because?
because vaginal washings containing seminal fluid would exhibit ACP activity
83
This would exhibit ACP activity
vaginal washings containing seminal fluid
84
What is the test methodology for ACP?
p-Nitrophenylphosphate ---> p-nitrophenol + NaOH ----> quinoid form
85
What enzyme catalyzes the first part in the ACP methodology?
Acid phosphatase
86
Acid phosphatase has a pH of what?
pH 4.9
87
what is the pH that acts on the NaOH to produce quinoid form?
pH 11.0
88
This has a wavelength of 410 nm
quinoid form
89
Quinoid form has a wavelength of what?
410 nm
90
What is the formula for Prostatic ACP?
Total ACP - ACP after tartrate inhibition

Clin Chem 2 (Laboratory) (5 decks)

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