learning of movement skills

Question 1

reinforcement

Answer 1

•reinforcement helps the performer to repeat the correct or desired response
•reinforcement forms and strengthens the stimulus response bond.

Question 2

types of reinforcement

Answer 2

•positive
•negative
•punishment

Question 3

positive reinforcement

Answer 3

giving praise when the coach sees the behaviour they want.

Question 4

negative reinforcement

Answer 4

when the punishment is taken away.

Question 5

punishment

Answer 5

criticism from the coach

Question 6

operant conditioning

Answer 6

Learning through reinforced.

Question 7

what does operant conditioning involve?

Answer 7

•manipulating or changing the environment to trigger the desired response.
•forming and strengthening the connection/S-R bonds.
• reinforcement- positive/negative/punishment
•trial and error learning.

Question 8

cognitive learning theory

Answer 8

learning is achieved most effectively when: the learner is given the whole problem to think about so that they can work out the best solution.

Question 9

what does cognitive learning theory involve?

Answer 9

•the coach giving the learner the whole problem to solve.
•optimising learning through thinking.
•using past experiences to solve problems.
•the Gestalt approach to learning; or considering the problem as a whole.

Question 10

observational/social learning theory

Answer 10

learning is the best achieved by copying a good demonstration.

Question 11

what are the four processes needed before you can learn by copying a demonstration?

Answer 11

•attention
•retention
•motor reproduction
•motivation

Question 12

attention

Answer 12

•the learner much focus or selectively attend to the model.
•verbal guidance helps learners to focus on the key points of demonstration.
•a role model or high status performer will hold the attention of the learner.

Question 13

retention

Answer 13

•the learner needs to remember the demonstration.
•repetition, mental rehearsal and chunking of the demonstration helps memory.
•associating a “catch phrase” can help the learner to remember.

Question 14

motor reproduction

Answer 14

•the learner must be able to perform the skill
•must have physical and mental capacity

Question 15

motivation

Answer 15

•the learner must want to copy the skill.
•motivation to copy the skill increases if it is considered to be relevant or worthwhile.
•the drive to copy is increased if the learner realises that their technique could be improved
•learners are more willing to copy skills from models of the same gender.