Learning Theories

Question 1

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Neutral stimulus

Answer 1

Stimulus that does not naturally produce a behavioural response

Question 2

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Unconditioned stimulus

Answer 2

Stimulus produces a natural,unlearned behaviour response

Question 3

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Unconditioned response

Answer 3

Response that naturally occurs without learning

Question 4

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Conditioned stimulus

Answer 4

Stimulus associated with a ucs so produces same response as ucs

Question 5

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Conditioned response

Answer 5

A learned behaviour that is shown in a response to a learned stimulus

Question 6

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Extinction

Answer 6

Removal of a behaviour

Question 7

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Spontaneous recovery

Answer 7

After extinction, behaviour quickly becomes learned

Question 8

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Generalisation

Answer 8

Conditioned stimulus produces same behaviour to similar stimulus after response has been conditioned

Question 9

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Positive reinforcement

Answer 9

Rewards desired behaviour by adding something pleasant

Question 10

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Negative reinforcement

Answer 10

Rewards the desired behaviour by removing something unpleasant

Question 11

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Reinforcer

Answer 11

More likely behaviour will be repeated

Question 12

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Punishment

Answer 12

Less likely behaviour will be repeated

Question 13

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Successive approximation

Answer 13

Behaviour shaping, rewarding behaviour as it gets closer and closer to desired response

Question 14

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Primary reinforcer

Answer 14

Reward at a basic level: food,water shelter

Question 15

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Secondary reinforcer

Answer 15

Money

Question 16

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Token economy

Answer 16

Treatment method that provides secondary reinforcement for a desirable behaviour that can be saved up or exchanged for a primary reinforcer

Question 17

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Continuous reinforcement

Answer 17

When behaviour is reinforced every time

Question 18

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Fixed ratio

Answer 18

Reinforcement given after certain number of responses

Question 19

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Variable ratio

Answer 19

Reinforcement given after varying number of responses

Question 20

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Fixed interval

Answer 20

Reinforcement given after varying number of responses

Question 21

OPERANT CONDITIONING
Variable interval

Answer 21

Reinforcement given after varying time intervals

Question 22

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Imitation

Answer 22

Observing a behaviour and copying it

Question 23

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Identification

Answer 23

Only imitate role models

Question 24

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES
Modelling

Answer 24

Imitation is modelling the behaviour

Question 25

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIE Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 25

If observer sees model being rewarded behaviour is more likely to repeat

Question 26

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES 1) attention

Answer 26

Behaviour needs to grab our attention

Question 27

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES 2) retention

Answer 27

Memory of behaviour is formed to be performed later

Question 28

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES 3) reproduction

Answer 28

We need to physically be able to repeat the behaviour

Question 29

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES 4) motivation

Answer 29

Observer considers reward and punishment that follow a behaviour

Question 30

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES Self efficacy

Answer 30

Seeing how well u do at a behaviour

Question 31

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES Vicarious learning

Answer 31

Learning thru someone getting rewarded for a behaviour

Question 32

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS Classical conditioning

Answer 32

Phobia is created if associated with fearful or unpleasant experience

Question 33

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS Operant conditioning

Answer 33

Phobia is created by experiencing a positive punishment

Question 34

ACQUISITION OF PHOBIAS Social learning theory

Answer 34

Phobia is created by learning thru observation and imitation of role models

Question 35

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS In vitro

Answer 35

Client imagines exposure to phobic stimulus

Question 36

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS In Vivo

Answer 36

Client is actually exposed to the phobic stimulus

Question 37

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS Order

Answer 37

1) patient taught relaxation techniques - based on reciprocal inhibition 2) functional analysis - questioning to determine key triggers 3) patient creates a fear hierarchy 4) patient works thru fear hierarchy

Question 38

EXPOSURE THERAPY What process?

Answer 38

In vivo

Question 39

EXPOSURE THERAPY What is Pavlovian extinction?

Answer 39

Body enters alarm stage Phobia sufferer finds they are no longer panicked in presence of fearful object Alarm phase ends and object is now paired with lack of emotion

Question 40

IMPLOSION THERAPY What process?

Answer 40

In vitro

Question 41

IMPLOSION THERAPY What phobia is it used to treat?

Answer 41

More complex like social

Question 42

IMPLOSION THERAPY How does it work l?

Answer 42

Patient asked to use imagine or is shown images/videos to treat complex phobias