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Botany Lecture Unit 2 > Leaves > Flashcards

Leaves Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Leaves

Petiole =

A

“Stem” part of the leaf

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2
Q

Leaves

Blade =

A

Surface area part of the leaf

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3
Q

Leaves

Sessile leaf =

A

Lacks petiole

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4
Q

Leaves

Simple leaf =

A

“normal” leaf

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5
Q

Leaves

Compound leaf =

A

Divided into leaflets

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6
Q

Compund Leaves

Pinnately compound leaf =

Rachis =

A

Featherish

Extension of the petiole

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7
Q

Compund Leaves

Bipinnately compound leaf =

A

Leaflets have leaflets

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8
Q

Compund Leaves

Palmately compound leaf =

A

Mutiple main veins in each leaflet

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9
Q

Veins

Pinnately veined =

A

One main vein

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10
Q

Veins

Palmately veined =

A

Multiple main veins from a single origin point

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11
Q

Veins

Dichotomously veined =

A

No main veins, each vein divides multiple times

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12
Q

Leaves

Deciduous leaves =

A

Are all shed once a year

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13
Q

Leaves

Evergreen leaves =

A

Shed constantly

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14
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Cuticle is made from ___

A

Cutin

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15
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Cuticle purpose?

A

Waterproofing

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16
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Are there chloroplasts in pavement cells?

A

No

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17
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Do guard cells have chloroplasts?

A

Yes

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18
Q

Leaf Anatomy

2 things guard cells control?

A

Gas exchange

Water flow

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19
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Holes through which gases escape and enter?

A

Stoma

Stomata (plural)

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20
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Epidermis =

A

Outside layer of cells

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21
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Mesophyll =

A

Area between the upper and lower epidermis

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22
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Which mesophyll does most photosynthesis?

Approximately 80% of total chlorenchyma

A

Palisade mesophyll

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23
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Mesophyll with less photosynthesis and has air spaces

A

Spongy mesophyll

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24
Q

Leaf Anatomy

Moncot mesophyll is not ___

A

Layered

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25
Leaf Anatomy Monocot bulliform cells purpose
Deflate when water stressed to reduce water loss
26
Leaf Anatomy Veins (3)
Xylem + phloem + bundle sheath cells
27
Leaf Types Shade leaves characteristics (3)
Broader Thinner Pale
28
Leaf Types Shade leaves amount of hairs?
Few hairs
29
Leaf Types Phenotypic plasticity =
Different expression of genotype in different environment
30
Leaf Types Arrid Region Leaves characteristics (3)
Drier environments Thicker, leathery, stomata are hidden Maybe store water May be absent
31
Leaf Types Aquatic plant leaves characteristics (3)
Lack layers Usually air spaces Less xylem and phloem
32
Leaf Types Tendrils = Contact ___ growth
Climbing leaves Contact suppresses growth
33
Leaf Types Spines __ surface area
Decrease
34
Leaf Types Spines tissues? (2)
Increase sclerenchyma Decrease other tissues
35
Leaf Types Spines ___ defense
Spines increase defense
36
Leaf Types Thorns =
Modified stems
37
Leaf Types Prickles =
Modified epidermis
38
Leaf Types Spines grow from the __ of leaves
Axil
39
Leaf Types Storage leaves
Mostly for water storage
40
Leaf Types Storage leaves, what plants?
Succulents
41
Leaf Types Storage leaves Outside is ...
Parenchyma without chloroplasts
42
Leaf Types Storage leaves inside...
Chlorenchyma is protected inside
43
Leaf Types Storage leaves will also store \_\_\_, aside from water
Carbohydrates
44
Leaves Flowerpot leaf example
Discidia
45
Leaves Epiphyte =
A plant that lives on top of another plant
46
Leaves Discidia mutualism for ants (2)
Habitats fot the ants in the leaves Ants bring soil
47
Leaves Relationship type for Discidia and host plant?
Commensalism One is benefited and the other is unaffected
48
Leaves Window leaves adapted for ?
Dry and windy area
49
Leaves Window Leaves What does the "window" do?
Window allows for light to pass into the interior of the leaf where chlorenchyma is found
50
Leaves Reproductive leaves =
Edges create leaflets and advantitious roots
51
Leaves Floral leaves are also known as?
Bracts
52
Leaves Flower leaves Act to attract \_\_\_
Pollinators
53
Leaves Insect trapping leaves Aproximately how many species
200
54
Leaves Where do insect trapping leaves live?
In nitrogen poor soils - swamps
55
Leaves What are the 4 mechanisms to trap insects?
Pitcher plants Sundews Venus fly traps Bladderworts
56
Leaves Pitcher Plants characteristics (3)
Cone shaped leaf Down-facing hairs Scents attract instincts
57
Leaves Pitcher plant mechanism
Insect falls into liquid of enzymes + bacteria
58
Leaves Sundews characteristics (1)
Leaves with hairs at tip
59
Leaves Sundews mechanism
Sticky digestive fluid
60
Leaves Venus fly trap characteristics (2)
Hinged midrib Sensory hairs inside
61
Leaves Venus fly trap mechanism (2)
2 hairs are triggerd and leaf closes Enzymes digest insect
62
Leaves Bladderwort characteristics
Aquatic plant
63
Leaves Bladderwort mechanism
Air-filled bladders suck insects in 1/100th of second Trigger hairs
64
Leaves Autumnal color change =
All color is usally present Remove chlorophyll as prominent wavelengths shift with season
65
Leaves Abcission =
Leaf dropping
66
Leaves Abcission zone is created by
Older leaves
67
Leaves 2 crevice sides
Stem side Leaf side
68
Leaves: Abcission Crevice Stem side =
where protective suberin is secreted
69
Leaves: Abcission Crevice Leaf side =
Enzymes diges middle lamellae
70
Leaves: Abcission \_\_\_ / ___ finish the break
Wind / Rain
71
Leaves: Abcission Why? (In general)
In winter, leaves use more energy than they provide
72
Leaves: Abcission Why? (water usage)
Leaves use a lot of water so they are dropped to prevent water loss
73
Leaves: Abcission Why? (limb breakage)
Limit limb breakage do to heavy snow sticking to leaves

Botany Lecture Unit 2 (13 decks)

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