Lec 05

Question 1

Explain fertility rate trends. + Factors

Answer 1

Replacement rate: ~2-2.3
Countries like India and Japan have dropping or low fertility rates in general.

What are some factors that affect fertility rates:
-Disease (ex. COVID-19, Bubonic Plague)
- Education, Partner preference
- Environment Concern, Cultural factors,
- access to food/water, economic uncertainty

Question 2

5 stages of demographic transition in a population.

Answer 2

1st: Lots of death + births
2nd: society stabilizes, slowing death rates
3rd: society advances, but realizes birth rate too high.
4th: population slowing down.
5th: Birth rate unsure, death still low.

Question 3

What is the demographic dividend?

Answer 3

of working people > # of young people
ex. India

Ratio: (15-65) of individuals working vs non-working

As a result, when working generation retires, future generation will have a low count of workers.

Question 4

Thomas Malthusian Model?

Answer 4

Population grows exponentially, food grows linearly.

Eventually population food requirements exceed food supply and require for a decrease in population growth (less food= less births)

Therefore, population growth is maintained.

Question 5

The Population Bomb?

Answer 5

Diminishing resources = famine/catastrophe

IPAT: Impact = population x affluence x technology