Lec 10

Question 1

Conventional or “Street” Crimes

Answer 1

Traditional, illegal or criminal behaviors that most people think of as crimes

Question 2

What type of crime are the most egregious street crimes

Answer 2

Violent crimes

Question 3

Criminal Homicides types

Answer 3

1st and 2nd degree murder
Manslaughter
Infacticide

Question 4

First Degree Murder

Answer 4

When a killing is planned and deliberate
When the victim is a police officer or correctional officer
When a murder occurs in connection with other offences

Question 5

Second degree murder

Answer 5

Intentional, but not premeditated

Question 6

Sentence of murder

Answer 6

25 years to life

2nd degree may be paroled after 10

Question 7

Voluntary manslaughter involves

Answer 7

A sudden passion

Question 8

Manslaughter

Answer 8

When there is not intent to kill

Question 9

Punishment of manslaughter

Answer 9

Ranges from 4 to 15 years but use of firearm could be aggravating factor

Question 10

Section 231 of the Criminal Code of Canada- Murder is always first-degree when the victim is

Answer 10

A police officer on duty, an employee of prison on duty, a person in the prison who is working in the prison

Question 11

Gun ownership comparison between Canada and US

Answer 11

Canada has 30.8 guns per 100 persons

US has 101 guns per 100 persons

US has less than 5%of the worlds pop. but 35-50 percent of guns

Question 12

Homicides by firearms in Canada and US

Answer 12

Firearms accounted for 69 percent of all homicides in the US

33 percent for Canada

Question 13

What must blood alcohol content be below

Answer 13

0.08 percent

Question 14

Max punishment for impaired driving causing death

Answer 14

Life imprisonment

Question 15

Progression of impaired driving caused deaths

Answer 15

Lowered over the years

66 in 2019, 105 in 2018

Question 16

Infanticide

Answer 16

Killing of a newborn child (1-12 months) by a mother who is disturbed as a consequence of giving birth

Question 17

Jail sentence for infanticide

Answer 17

max 5 years

Question 18

Postpartum depression defense is unlikely to succeed if

Answer 18

Child is older than 2 months

Question 19

Robbery

Answer 19

Taking or attempting to take the property of another using force or fear

Theft accomplished by an assult

Question 20

Section 344 of the Criminal Code of Canada states (3)

Answer 20

It is an indictable offence (more severe punishment)

Maximum penalty is life imprisonment

A conviction for robbery with a firearm carries with it a mandatory minimum of 5 years

Question 21

Theft offence type

Answer 21

Can be indictable or summary

Question 22

Theft found in what section of criminal code

Answer 22

322

Question 23

Section 348 on Break and Enter

Answer 23

Anyone commits break and enter if they

Breaks in a place with intent of committing an indictable offence

Commits indictable offence inside

Breaks out of place after doing either

Question 24

Break and enter offence type

Answer 24

Indictable offence

Question 25

Where do most violent incidents happen in Canada

Answer 25

Bars, restaurants, malls, schools In or around a private residence On the streets, in parks etc.

Question 26

When do most violent crimes occur

Answer 26

Summer months and in December Between 6pm-12am

Question 27

Violent crime victimization patterns (8)

Answer 27

Younger people, males, single/divorced, those who spend evenings away from home Lower income Minorities Alcohol consumption leads to more victimization Repeat victims

Question 28

Aggravating factors

Answer 28

Those facts about the crime, defendant or victim that tend to make the crime more severe

Question 29

What do aggravating factors include (3)

Answer 29

Defendants criminal history, brutality of crime, victim vulnerability

Question 30

Mitigating factors

Answer 30

Reduce sentences Show society that defendant poses less risk to society, meaning a lengthy sentence is not necessary

Question 31

Mitigating factors example (2)

Answer 31

Lack of criminal history Defendant's acceptance of responsibility

Question 32

The Routine Activity Theory (RAT) assumptions

Answer 32

Target Suitability Guardianship Motivated

Question 33

Routine Activity Theory (RAT) purpose

Answer 33

Preventing Street Crime

Question 34

Reducing Crime Requires

Answer 34

Reducing target suitability Ensuring effective guardianship Reducing motivation to commit crime through social development or incapacitation

Question 35

Selective Incapacitation

Answer 35

Means giving very long sentences to dangerous offenders

Question 36

Factors that effect the length of incapacitation

Answer 36

Severity of crime Whether the person is a first or repeat offender How much danger the offender poses to the public if released

Question 37

Harshest selective incapacitation laws in Western countries is

Answer 37

California's three strikes law

Question 38

Drawbacks of selective incapacitation include

Answer 38

Risk of false positives: Identifying on offender as dangerous when they are not Encourages discretionary application of law by judges