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Question 1

How many pain-related TMD and Headaches have been validated?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

The 4 pain-related TMD and Headaches that have been validated.

Answer 2

1) Arthralgia
2) Myalgia
3) Myofascial pain with referral
4) Headache attributed to TMD

Question 3

Diagnostic criteria for TMD symptoms

Answer 3

Must have had the pain in the last 30 days that’s modified by function and parafunction.

Question 4

The most common pain condition.

Answer 4

Myalgia

Question 5

Facial muscles that are more prevalent in a pain condition.

Answer 5

Temporalis and Masseter

Question 6

Pain of muscle origin that’s affected by jaw movement, function, or parafunction, and replication of this pain occurs with provocation testing of the masticatory muscles.

Answer 6

Myalgia

Question 7

Have this when you can:

1) Locate the pain to temporalis or masseter.
2) Have pain during palpation of temporalis or masseter, or during vertical range of motion (MAO and MUO)

Answer 7

Myalgia

Question 8

All pain-related TMD and headaches have this in clinical finding in common.

Answer 8

Confirmation of pain in temporalis and masseter.

Question 9

All pain-related TMD and headaches have this history in common.

Answer 9

1) Chief complaint of pain

2) Pain modified by function or parafunction

Question 10

Myofascial pain with referral goes where?

Answer 10

BEYOND the boundary of the muscle being palpated.

Question 11

Diagnose the disorder:

1) Confirm that pain is located in temporalis and masseter.
2) Report familiar pain occurs when you palpate temporalis and masseter
3) Report pain at a site BEYOND the boundary of the muscle being palpated.

Answer 11

Myofascial pain with referral

Question 12

Pain of MUSCLE origin with referral of pain beyond the boundary of the muscle being palpated.

Answer 12

Myofascial pain with referral.

Question 13

Pain of JOINT origin that’s affected by jaw movement, function, or parafunction, and replication of this pain occurs with provocation testing of the TMJ.

Answer 13

Arthralgia

Question 14

How do you test for familiar pain in arthralgia?

Answer 14

1) Palpate the lateral pole or around it.

2) MUO or MAO, right or left lateral, or protrusive movement (Movement in ANY direction).

Question 15

Has pain in any direction, and when you palpate the lateral pole.

Answer 15

Arthralgia

Question 16

Headache in the temple area that’s caused by TMD.

And headache that’s modified with jaw movement, function, or parafunction.

Answer 16

Headache attributed to TMD.

Question 17

These two have pain in ANY direction of movement.

Answer 17

Arthralgia and Headache attributed to TMD

Question 18

Have pain when you palpate temporalis OR

During movement in ANY direction.

Answer 18

Headache attributed to TMD

Question 19

Headache TMD pain is in this area.

Answer 19

Temple

Question 20

These facial muscles are activated during vertical range of motion.

Answer 20

Masseter and Temporalis

Question 21

If you have headache associated TMD, you need to have this.

Answer 21

Myalgia or Arthralgia

Question 22

Sensitivity for these pain-related conditions is above what?

Answer 22

80

Question 23

Used to diagnose muscle spasms.

Answer 23

EMG

Question 24

Sudden, involuntary, reversible tonic contraction of a muscle.

Answer 24

Muscle spasm

Question 25

Immediate onset of myalgia and immediate limited range of motion associated with this.

Answer 25

Muscle spasm

Question 26

Shortening of the muscle due to fibrosis of the tendons, ligaments, or muscle fibers.

Answer 26

Contracture

Question 27

1) Pain is present if the muscle is over-extended. 2) Hx of radiation, trauma, or infection 3) Progressive loss of ROM. 4) MUO and MAO are limited

Answer 27

Contracture

Question 28

This range of motion is affected in contracture.

Answer 28

Vertical

Question 29

Muscle pain with inflammation or infection.

Answer 29

Myositis

Question 30

Can get this from direct trauma or autoimmune disease.

Answer 30

Myositis

Question 31

Calcification of the muscle can occur

Answer 31

Myositis ossificans

Question 32

This has local myalgia, edema, erythema, increased temperature, and inflammatory markers.

Answer 32

Myositis ossificans

Question 33

Enlargement of one or more muscles.

Answer 33

Hypertrophy

Question 34

This is usually NOT associated with pain, and is secondary to overuse and/or chronic tensing of the muscles. Familiar/genetic in origin.

Answer 34

Hypertrophy

Question 35

Pain-related changes should be viewed as adaptive bc they help to prevent further damage and promote healing.

Answer 35

Pain adaptation model

Question 36

This theory says that muscle pain becomes chronic because stimulation of nociceptors by an initial injury leads to tonix excitation of motorneurons (hyperactivity). Leads to spasm, fatigue, and overwork, and that this process leads to further stimulation of nociceptors, resulting in a pain-spasm-pain cycle.

Answer 36

Vicious Cycle Theory

Question 37

This reduces muscle contraction.

Answer 37

Pain

Question 38

The effect of pain on motor activity relies on the complex interaction of distinctive bio-psychosocial characteristics, as well as the anatomical and functional complexity of the individual sensory-motor system.

Answer 38

Integrated Pain Adaptation Model

Question 39

Usually NOT associated with pain.

Answer 39

Hypertrophy