LEC: Local Anesthesia

Question 0

How to local anesthetics work/mechanism of action?

Answer 0

Interferes with the movement of sodium ions across neronal cell membranes

Question 1

What is local anesthesia?

Answer 1

Odd of pain sensation and midnent in an area of the body due to blockage of nerve conduction

Question 2

What are four esters?

Answer 2

Cocaine procain chlorprocain and propraracain

Question 3

What are three amides?

Answer 3

Lidocaine, mepivacain, bupivacaine

Question 4

What are two local anesthetics?

Answer 4

Esters and amides

Question 5

What local anesthesia only lasts a few minutes and is topical?

Answer 5

Esters

Question 6

What local anesthetic is used for small animals?

Answer 6

Amides

Question 7

How can you administer amides? 3

Answer 7

SC
sometimes IM
rarely IV

Question 8

How are amides eliminated?

Answer 8

Metabolized by the liver

Question 9

Out of the three amides, which one is the shortest lasting?

Answer 9

Lidocaine

Question 10

How long does lidocaine last?

Answer 10

1 1/2 - 2 hours

Question 11

How much more potent is lidocaine compared to procain?

Answer 11

2x

Question 12

What is the most popular amide?

Answer 12

Lidocaine

Question 13

Why is epinephrine not added to lidocaine for dysarrythmia?

Answer 13

Because epinephrine will increase the heart rate

Question 14

How long does mepivacain last?

Answer 14

1.5-3 hours

Question 15

How muchc more potent is mepivacain compared to procain?

Answer 15

2.5x

Question 16

What is mepivacain a best quality?

Answer 16

Less irritating to tissue when SC or IM

Question 17

How long does bupivacaine last?

Answer 17

4-6 hours

Question 18

How much more potent is mepivacain than procain?

Answer 18

8-10x

Question 19

When is bupivacaine used?

Answer 19

When they need a local anesthetic to last a while

Question 20

What are five adverse effects of local anesthesia?

Answer 20

Tissue irritation
Allergic reaction
Nerve trauma
Respiratory paralysis and sympathetic block with epidural
Systemic toxicity

Question 21

What are three specific techniques for administrating local anesthesia?

Answer 21

Topical application
Localized infiltration
Regional injection

Question 22

What nerves will be blocked with an L line block?

Answer 22

T13 and L1

Question 23

What nerves will be blocked with an inverse line block?

Answer 23

T13, L1, and L2

Question 24

How do you administer a line block?

Answer 24

Go around wound and inject every 1-2cm apart

Question 25

What animals are nerve blocks good for?

Answer 25

Cats

Question 26

What operation would you use a nerve block on with a cat?

Answer 26

Declaw

Question 27

What is a regional injection?

Answer 27

Around the spinal cord or around major nerves that deal with large areas of the body

Question 28

What animals is lidocaine easily toxic in?

Answer 28

Goats, sheep, cats

Question 29

What is the toxic dose of lidocaine in cats?

Answer 29

8-10mg/Kg

Question 30

What are two examples of regional blocks?

Answer 30

Epidural and paravertebral block

Question 31

Where would you give an epidural in a cow?

Answer 31

Caudal, between sacrum and somthing

Question 32

What are three anesthetics that can be used for regional injections?

Answer 32

Denned atomizing, alpha 2 agonists, opioids