LEC3 Flashcards
(37 cards)
A scientist confirms their resource by proving their hypothesis, true or false?
False! No amount of testing can “prove” a hypothesis, we can only confirm it. When we figure out something, we are not sure if we are spot on.
How does a hypothesis gains support?
By surviving various tests. This testing falsifies other alternative hypothesis.
Experiments must be designed to test control groups and experimental groups, why?
You must have something to compare your experimental design to.
Is evolution a hypothesis?
No, because it is a theory.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
A scientific theory is supported by a large body of evidence. It is much broader than a hypothesis, and generates new hypothesis.
When can you call something a theory?
When a hypothesis is always confirm over and over again.
Why don’t we call a theory a fact, or a law?
Because in science we know that we have biases. We’re always going to be imperfect humans, in our way of grasping objective reality.
Why must you submit your experiment for peer review?
So that experts can point out flaws in the experiment and suggest doing it in another way. If they accept it, it will be publish for others to test out for accuracy.
Has the Theory of Evolution been falsified?
No! It has been confirmed and expaneded by many experiments over a hundred years.
What is the difference between information revealed by religious leaders, and scientists?
Knowledge gained from science focus on the accuracy of the natural universe. It can be added to, and modified as new information arises. The world is changing fast?
Does science disprove religion?
No! There are lots of scientists that have religious faith. Even the pope acknowledged there is no contradiction for religous people to accept that evolution is operating all around and on us.
In science you must be vigilant in recognizing your what?
Biases!
・Always aim for objectivity
・Always open to new possibilities
What is another theory that has been confirmed, expanded and never contradicted?
The Cell Theory! It has been around for over 300 years. It states that cells are the unit that built structures of all living things.
What is the best characteristic that best distinguishes living things?
The ability to reproduce.
Reproducing start by cell division in a cycle. What is this cycle called, and how does it work?
The Cell Cycle. The cell go through the process of copying it’s genetic materials, and divid into two cells that are identical to the original. It is one of Biology’s major themes.
Unicellular(single cell) organisms reproduce by division. What will become of the new cells?
Each new cell will be an individual organism, becoming two identical daughter cell. They can divide almost instantly.
Multicellular organisms use cell division for what?
Development, Growth, and Repair. This process is always happening in our body.
What can cell division do for multicellular organisms such as plants, by cutting and replanting?
Produce their offsprings.
What does cell genetically produces during Cell Division?
Identical daughter cells. Each parent cell duplicates its genetic material before it divides, so each daughter cells has an exact copy of the parent’s DNA.
What does the DNA in each cell contains?
The complete genome for an entire organism. This means that each cell has all the information to make an entirely new you.
How many base pairs are in one DNA strand that make up a human?
About 6 billion.
How many cells make up a human body?
Roughly 200 trillion.
What is the total length of a human’s DNA?
About 400 billion kilometers. That’s about 1000 trips to the sun and back.
DNA molecules that are packaged into structures are called?
Chromosomes.
