Lección 1 Grammar Flashcards by Chase Porter

Present Tense -Ar Verb Endings

o
as
a
amos
áis
an

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Present Tense -Er Verb Endings

o
es
e
emos
éis
en

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Present Tense -Ir Verb Endings

o
es
e
imos
ís
en

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The nos/vos forms ___ have a stem change in the present tense.

never

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AR and - ER Stem Changes:

e — ____
o — ____

e: ie
o: ue

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-IR Stem Changes:

e – ____

e: i

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Pensar (Present Tense)

pienso
piensas
piensa
pensamos
pensáis
piensan

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Poder (Present Tense)

puedo
puedes
puede
podemos
podéis
pueden

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Pedir (Present Tense)

pido
pides
pide
pedimos
pedís
piden

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Jugar (Present Tense)

juego
juegas
juega
jugamos
jugáis
juegan

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In the present, some ER & IR verbs have irregular __-forms.

Irregular yo-form(s)

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Present: IRR Yo-forms

Verbs ending in -cer and -cir change to ____ in the yo-form

-zco

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Present: IRR Yo-forms

Verbs ending in -ger and -gir change to ____ in the yo-form

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Present IRR: caer

yo caigo

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Present IRR: distinguir

yo distingo

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Present IRR: hacer

yo hago

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Present IRR: poner

yo pongo

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Present IRR: salir

yo salgo

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Present IRR: traer

yo traigo

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Present IRR: valer

yo valgo

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Present IRR: dirigir

yo dirijo

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Present IRR:escoger

yo escojo

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Present IRR: exigir

yo exijo

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Present IRR: proteger

yo protejo

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Present IRR: conducir

yo conduzco

Present IRR: conocer

yo conozco

Present IRR: crecer

yo crezco

Present IRR: obedecer

yo obedezco

Present IRR: parecer

yo parezco

Present IRR: producir

produzco

Present IRR: traducir

traduzco

Present IRR: caber

yo quepo

Present IRR: saber

so sé

Present IRR: ver

yo veo

caer

to fall

distinguir

to distinguish

hacer

to do; to make

poner

to put; to place

poner

to put, to place

salir

to leave, to go out

traer

to bring

valer

to be worth

dirigir

to direct

escoger

to choose

exigir

to demand

proteger

to protect

conducir

to drive

conocer

to know

crecer

to grow

obedecer

to obey

parecer

to seem

producir

to produce

traducir

to translate

dirigir

to direct

escoger

to choose

exigir

to demand

proteger

to protect

caber

to fit

saber

to know

ver

to see

aparecer

to appear

atraer

to attract

componer

to make up

contraer

to contract

desaparecer

to disappear

deshacer

to undo

distraer

to distract

oponer

to oppose

proponer

to propose

reconocer

to recognize

rehacer

to remake, to redo

suponer

to suppose

conseguir

to obtain

corregir

to correct

elegir

to choose

seguir

to follow

torcer

to twist

Present IRR: conseguir

yo consigo

Present IRR: corregir

yo corrijo

Present IRR: elegir

elijo

Present IRR: seguir

yo sigo

Present IRR: torcer

yo tuerzo

Present IRR: aparecer

yo aparezco

Present IRR: atraer

yo atraigo

Present IRR: componer

yo pongo

Present IRR: contraer

yo contraigo

Present IRR: desaparecer

yo desaparezco

Present IRR: deshacer

yo deshago

Present IRR: distraer

yo distraigo

Present IRR: oponer

yo opongo

Present IRR: proponer

yo propongo

Present IRR: reconocer

yo reconozco

Present IRR: rehacer

rehago

Present IRR: suponer

yo supongo

Present IRR: dar

``` doy das da damos daís dan ```

Present IRR: decir

``` digo dices dice decimos decís dicen ```

Present IRR: estar

``` estoy estás está estamos estáis están ```

Present IRR: ir

``` voy vas va vamos vais van ```

Present IRR: oír

``` oigo oyes oye oímos oís oyen ```

Present IRR: ser

``` soy eres es somos soís son ```

Present IRR: tener

``` tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen ```

Present IRR: venir

``` vengo vienes viene venimos venís vienen ```

dar

to give

decir

to say

estar

to be

to go

oír

to hear

ser

to be

tener

to have

venir

to come

Full Conjugation - hacer

``` hago haces hace hacemos hacen ```

Full Conjugation - tener

``` tengo tienes tiene tenemos tienen ```

Full Conjugation - salir

``` salgo sales sale salemos salen ```

caer

to fall

Full Conjugation - caer

``` caigo caes cae caemos caen ```

Full Conjugation - poner

``` pongo pones pone ponemos ponen ```

poner

to put

Full Conjugation - traer

``` traigo traes trae traemos traen ```

Full Conjugation - venir

``` vengo vienes viene venimos vienen ```

Full Conjugation - decir

``` digo dices dice decimos dicen ```

seguir

to follow, to continue

Full Conjugation - seguir

``` sigo sigues sigue seguimos siguen ```

Full Conjugation - salir

``` salgo sales sale salimos salen ```

Full Conjugation - ofrecer

``` ofrezco ofreces ofrece ofrecemos ofrecen ```

Full Conjugation - merecer

``` merezco mereces merece merecemos merecen ```

merecer

to deserve

Full Conjugation - conocer

``` conozco conoces conoce conocemos conocen ```

Full Conjugation - obedecer

``` obedezco obedeces obedece obedecemos obedecen ```

Full Conjugation - traducir

``` traduzco traduces traduce traducimos traducen ```

Full Conjugation - conducir

``` conduzco conduces conduce conducimos conducen ```

Full Conjugation - saber

``` sé sabes sabe sabemos saben ```

Full Conjugation - ver

``` veo ves ve vemos ven ```

SER acronym

DOCTOR

SER

Estar acronym

PLACE

estar

DOCTOR

``` Date Occupation Characteristic Time Origin Relation ```

PLACE

``` Position Location Action Condition Emotion ```

caluroso

hot

El clima de Miami ___ caluroso.

Ser - acronym 2 (self-made)

``` General Porter Made The Weather ```

General Porter Made The Weather - used for ____

Ser (acronym 2)

General Porter Made The Weather

``` G - Generalizations P - Possession M - Material of Composition T - Time, Date, or Season W - Where or When an event takes place ```

_____ is used with muerto/a.

Estar

Narrates an action in progress

Present Progressive

Eric está cantando.

Eric is singing

How do you form the present progressive?

Estar + Present Participle

present participle ending for -AR verbs

-ando

present participle ending for -ER & -IR verbs

- iendo

form the present participle - bailar

bailando

form the present participle - comer

comiendo

form the present participle - aplaudir

aplaudiendo

Stem-changing verbs that end in -__ also change their stem vowel when they form the present participle

-ir

form the irregular present participle - decir

diciendo

form the irregular present participle - dormir

durmiendo

form the irregular present participle - mentir

mintiendo

form the irregular present participle - morir

muriendo

form the irregular present participle - pedir

pidiendo

form the irregular present participle - sentir

sintiendo

form the irregular present participle - sugerir

sugiriendo

form the irregular present participle - ir

yendo

form the irregular present participle -poder

pudiendo

form the irregular present participle - reír

riendo

form the irregular present participle - sonreír

sonriendo

When the stem of an -er or -ir verb ends in a vowel, the -i- of the present participle ending changes to a ____.

-y-

form the irregular present participle - constuir

construyendo

form the irregular present participle - leer

leyendo

form the irregular present participle - oír

oyendo

form the irregular present participle - traer

trayendo

form the irregular present participle - ir

yendo

form the irregular present participle - venir

viniendo

form the irregular present participle - poder

pudiendo

form the irregular present participle - conseguir

consiguiendo

form the irregular present participle - conseguir

consiguiendo

form the irregular present participle - pedir

pidiendo

form the irregular present participle - seguir

siguiendo

form the irregular present participle - preferir

prefiriendo

form the irregular present participle - dormir

durmiendo

Lección 1 Grammar Flashcards

(178 cards)