lect 1 & 2 pelvis (peritoneum, muscles, diaphragm)

Question 1

what is another name for the greater pelvis

Answer 1

false pelvis

Question 2

what are the 2 parts of the lesser pelvis

Answer 2

pelvic diaphragm and perineum

Question 3

what are the 2 main functions of the pelvic girdle

Answer 3

bear the weight of the upper body and locomotion

Question 4

what unites the 3 hip bones in infants and children

Answer 4

triradiate cartilage

Question 5

when do the ilium, ischium and pubis fuse

Answer 5

after puberty

Question 6

what forms the iliac fossa

Answer 6

the anteromedial concave surface of the ala

Question 7

what is the concavity between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity

Answer 7

lesser sciatic notch

Question 8

what bone is the pecten pubis/pecitneal line of pubis part of

Answer 8

lateral part of the superior pubic ramus

Question 9

what divides the greater and lesser pelves

Answer 9

oblique plane of the pelvic inlet

Question 10

what is another name for the pelvic inlet

Answer 10

superior pelvic aperture

Question 11

what defines the subpubic angle

Answer 11

the inferior borders of the ischiopubic rami

Question 12

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by anteriorly

Answer 12

pubic arch

Question 13

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by laterally

Answer 13

ischial tuberosities

Question 14

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by posteriorly

Answer 14

tip of coccyx

Question 15

what is the lesser pelvis between

Answer 15

pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet

Question 16

what forms the floor of the true pelvic cavity

Answer 16

concave superior surface of the musculofascial pelvic diaphragm

Question 17

what forms the roof of the perineum

Answer 17

convex inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm

Question 18

where is the sacral promontory located in reference to the center of the pelvic outlet with a median view

Answer 18

located directly superior to the center of the pelvic outlet

Question 19

compare the pelvic inlet and outlet in males and females

Answer 19

it is wider, shallower and larger in females than males

Question 20

compare the subpubic angle in females and males

Answer 20

females is nearly a right angle; males is approximately 60 degrees

Question 21

compare the greater pelvis in female and male

Answer 21

it is deep in male and shallow in female

Question 22

compare the shape of the pelvic inlet in genders

Answer 22

heart-shaped and narrow in male; oval and rounded and wide in female

Question 23

compare the acetabulum size in males and females

Answer 23

large in male and small in female

Question 24

what pelvic types are most common in males

Answer 24

android and anthropoid

Question 25

what is the normal pelvic type in females

Answer 25

gynecoid

Question 26

what pelvic shape in white females causes issues with vaginal delivery

Answer 26

android

Question 27

what pelvic shape in black females causes issues with vaginal delivery

Answer 27

anthropoid

Question 28

what is the narrowest fixed distance through which a baby's head must fit through

Answer 28

AP diameter of lesser pelvis

Question 29

what should the length of the true conjugate be for safe delivery

Answer 29

greater than 11cm

Question 30

what type of compression occurs with crash accident of pelvis

Answer 30

anteroposterior compression of pelvis

Question 31

what occurs when the pelvis is compressed laterally

Answer 31

the acetabula and ilia are squeezed toward each other and may be broken

Question 32

what are the weak areas of the pelvis where fractures typically occur

Answer 32

pubic rami, acetabula, region of sacroiliac joints and alae of ilium

Question 33

what fractures of the pelvis are fairly common and complicated due to their relationship with the urinary bladder and urethra

Answer 33

pubo-obturator area

Question 34

what are the primary joints of the pelvic girdle

Answer 34

sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis

Question 35

compare the anterior and posterior portions of the sacroiliac joints

Answer 35

anterior is synovial; posterior is syndesmosis

Question 36

what ligament divides the greater and lesser foramina

Answer 36

sacrospinous ligament

Question 37

what type of joint is the pubic symphysis

Answer 37

secondary cartilaginous joint

Question 38

compare the interpubic disc in males to females

Answer 38

it is generally wider in women

Question 39

what is degenerative osteoarthritis in vertebra

Answer 39

spondylosis

Question 40

what is inflammation of vertebrae

Answer 40

spondylitis

Question 41

what is spondylolysis usually caused by

Answer 41

a stress fracture

Question 42

what is displacement of a vertebra in relation to the vertebra below

Answer 42

spondylolisthesis

Question 43

where is the most common place for spondylolysis to occur

Answer 43

between L5 and S1 vertebrae

Question 44

what type of joint is then sacrococcygeal joint

Answer 44

secondary cartilaginous joint

Question 45

what is the medical term for pain in the coccyx

Answer 45

coccydynia

Question 46

what diameter remains unaffected by relaxin and pregnancy

Answer 46

true (conjugate) diameter between the sacral promontory and the posterosuperior aspect of the pubic symphysis

Question 47

what is the pelvic cavity limited by inferiorly

Answer 47

musculofascial pelvic diaphragm

Question 48

what is the pelvic cavity bounded by posteriorly

Answer 48

coccyx and inferior most sacrum

Question 49

what is the anteroinferior pelvic wall formed primarily by

Answer 49

bodies and rami o pubic bones and the pubic symphysis

Question 50

what is the boundary between the pelvis and the perineum

Answer 50

pelvic diaphragm

Question 51

where do the piriformis muscles arise

Answer 51

from the superior sacrum, lateral to its pelvic foramen

Question 52

what muscle arise from the lateral aspects of the inferior sacrum and coccyx

Answer 52

coccygeus

Question 53

what is the largest and most important part of the pelvic floor

Answer 53

levator ani

Question 54

what are the 3 parts of the Levator ani

Answer 54

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus

Question 55

what are the subdivisions of the pubococcygeus

Answer 55

puboprostaticus, puboperinealis, pubo-analis

Question 56

what part of the Levator ani plays a particularly important role in maintaining fecal continence

Answer 56

puborectalis

Question 57

what muscle is torn most often during childbirth

Answer 57

pubococcygeus

Question 58

what do the reflects from the bladder roof onto body of uterus form

Answer 58

vesico-uterine pouch

Question 59

what demarcates the lateral boundaries of the pararectal fossae

Answer 59

rectouterine folds formed by underlying fascial ligaments

Question 60

what is the peritoneality of the recto-sigmoid junction

Answer 60

intraperitoneal

Question 61

what is the pelvic viscera a continuation of

Answer 61

endoabdominal fascia

Question 62

what is the parietal pelvic fascia continuous with superiorly

Answer 62

transversalis and iliopsoas fascias

Question 63

what is the anteriormost part of the tendinous arch of pelvic fascia in men and women

Answer 63

puboprostatic ligament in male; pubovesical ligament in females

Question 64

what ligament of the bladder conveys the superior vesical arteries and veins

Answer 64

lateral

Question 65

what does the posterior most lamina that passes to the rectum convey

Answer 65

the middle rectal artery and vein

Question 66

what is another name for the transverse cervical/cardinal ligament in females

Answer 66

lateral cervical or mackenrodt ligament

Question 67

what provides the main passive support to the uterus

Answer 67

transverse cervical ligament

Question 68

what provides dynamic support to the uterus

Answer 68

perineal muscles

Question 69

what ligaments connect the rectum to the parietal pelvic fascia at the S2-S4 levels

Answer 69

lateral rectal ligaments

Question 70

what is embedded in the lateral rectal ligaments

Answer 70

middle rectal arteries and rectal nerve plexuses

Question 71

what are the unpaired arteries of the lesser pelvis

Answer 71

median sacral and superior rectal arteries

Question 72

what vertebral level does the common iliac bifurcate

Answer 72

between L5 and S1 vertebrae

Question 73

what is the principal artery of the pelvis

Answer 73

internal iliac

Question 74

what artery supplies the fundus of the urinary bladder

Answer 74

superior rectal artery

Question 75

what does the artery to the ductus deferens typically branch off of

Answer 75

superior vesical artery