Lecture 1 & 2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
Hippocrates (the father of medicine) proposed the theory of the 4 humours, what are they?
- Blood (liver) - spring- AIR
- Yellow bile (gall bladder) - summer - FIRE
- Black bile (spleen) - autumn - EARTH
- Phlegm (brain and lungs) - winter - WATER
Galen (Roman physician) proposed the humour theory of temperament. What are the 3 humours?
- Blood- sanguine- courageous, hopeful, amorous
- Yellow bile- choleric- easily angered and bad tempered
- Black bile- melancholic- despondent and irritable
- Phlegm- phlegmatic- calm, unemotional
The notion of personality didn’t exist until in the ancient world. Why is that?
- Individuals embodied or personified their place in society and were usually viewed through a cultural lens of the already pre-circumscribed character attributes (ex: wise king, brave knight, lady of the court)
The modern view of personality is that it is a relatively ________ pattern of thought, feeling and behaviour /with character traits and unique dispositions that have a “mask” attached to them.
- Enduring
The modern view of personality involves a shift from _________ to personalization
- personification
The four humours are still used today in _____’s psychological types
- Jung
What are Jung’s psychological types?
- Extroversion
- Introversion
An extreme form of _________ is found in ppl who suffer from hysteria
- Extroversion
Schizophrenia is an extreme form of
- Introversion
- Introversion
- Extroversion
- Stable
-Unstable
Are the typologies created by ____ __________.
- Hans Eysenck
This type indicator, based on Jung’s typology, is the most widely used personality measure in the world, and is shown to predict performance on social cognitive tasks. It has 16 possible dimensions and each person would fall into 1 of the 16.
- Myers- Briggs type indicator
Why is the Myers- Briggs type indicator not a good predictive measure of healthy behaviours or attitudes?
- Test-retest studies indicate that 39-76% of respondents actually change personality when re-evaluated
This personality type is marked by individuals who need to assert and maintain control over their environment. They’re chloreic and sanguine, and are competitive and need public recognition
- Type A
Ppl with this personality type relax w/o feeling guilty, lack a sense of urgency, and are not easily aroused to anger. They’re phlegmatic
- Type B
These individuals are emotionally contained. They have an increased tendency to experience stress, don’t express emotions, and feel a sense of helplessness, and hopelessness. They’re melancholic and phlegmatic
- Type C
Individuals with a distressed personality who don’t express emotions in social situations, may greatly fear strangers, melancholic and phlegmatic
- Type d
Cluster A of personality disorders in the DSM- V lists odd/ eccentric disorders. What are they?
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal
Borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial personality disorders fall into what cluster in the DSM-V?
- B- dramatic/ erratic
Section C of the DSM-V features anxious/ fearful personality disorders. What are they?
- Avoidant
- Dependent
- OCD
What don’t ppl with personality disorders respond well to traditional, psychologically - based intervention?
- Most treatments deal with the symptoms but not the broader environmental (I.e social, familial, communal) contexts
This approach focused on understanding the person (actor) and personality (act or mask)
- phenomenological
_____________\________ phenomenology looks at what’s happening on the inside/ through perception (i.e looking at a clock)
- Descriptive/ pure
Interpretive (hermeneutic) phenomenology approach is used to interpret phenomena as they are lived through and experienced within a broader _____-______ context
- Socio- historical
The Socio- historical context of your life that represents a fusion of your communal, social, cultural, and global situatedness- a shared world that we all encounter is known as the ____ world.
- Life
