Lecture 7

Question 1

These feelings are the source of all human striving, they are always present and act as a motivating force in behaviour. They’re inescapable and indispensable.

Answer 1

• Inferiority feelings

Question 2

True or false: inferiority feelings are a sign of weakness and abnormality

Answer 2

• False

Question 3

When do feelings of inferiority begin?

Answer 3

• in infancy, When children are aware of their parents having more power than them

Question 4

Joseph Pilates, a sufferer of rickets, is an examples of a person who was motivated by what kind of feelings?

Answer 4

• Inferiority

Question 5

A condition that develops when a person is unable to compensate for normal inferiority- these individuals have a poor opinion of themselves, they feel hopeless and unable to cope with demands of life

Answer 5

• Inferiority complex

Question 6

An inferiority complex can result from what 3 sources in childhood?

Answer 6

1. Organic inferiority (ex: chronic medical condition/ disfigured appearance)
2. Spoiling (when confronted w obstacles to gratification, spoiled children come to believe that they must have personal deficiency that’s thwarting them)
3. Neglect (leads to feelings of worthlessness, or even anger, cannot trust others)

Question 7

What is a superiority complex? What are individuals with one like?

Answer 7

• A condition that develops when a person overcompensates for normal inferiority
• These individuals can become vain, boastful, self centred, and often have a tendency to denigrate others
  Ex: Arnold Schwarzenegger

Question 8

Who was America’s first popular psychologist? What did they establish?

Answer 8

• Alfred Adler

- Society for individual psychology

Question 9

The unifying principle of personality- The idea that we’re guided towards imagined or real ideas and ideals to increase tension and move towards perfect or is called

Answer 9

• Striving for superiority

Question 10

A unique character structure or pattern of personal behaviours by which each of us strives for perfection or superiority is called

Answer 10

• Style of life

Question 11

True or false: style of life is based ones’s unique interpretation of their inferiority

Answer 11

• True

Question 12

Where do ppl learn their style of life from? At what age does it develop? How does it influence our future?

Answer 12

• learned from social interactions
• usually established by age 4 or 5
• it’s a guiding framework for ALL later behaviours

Question 13

The style of life consists of 4 personality types- what are they?

Answer 13

1. Ruling- dominant type (choleric)
2. Getting- learning type (phlegmatic)
3. Avoiding type (melancholic)
4. Socially useful type (sanguine)

Question 14

This type of individual had a high activity level with low social interest, and is described as manipulative, aggressive, and assertive

Answer 14

• Ruling-dominant

Question 15

Getting- leaning type individuals can be described as having what kind of expectations from others? What is their activity level and social interest level like?

Answer 15

• Expect others to satisfy their needs and provide for their interests;
• social interest and activity levels - both low

Question 16

What kind of person is described as melancholic, withdrawing from problems and achieving defeat, and having low social interest and even lower activity levels?

Answer 16

• The avoiding type

Question 17

This type of person has a high level of activity and social interest. They’re sanguine, willing to help others and do their best to master the tasks of life

Answer 17

• Socially useful type

Question 18

Adler believed that the great mistakes of life (i.e: war, capital punishment, etc.) spring from a lack of social _________. And are to be looked upon as ________ complexes.

Answer 18

• Feeling

- Inferiority

Question 19

Adler believed that _________ was a good place for kids to up their feeling by judicious handling so that they don’t leave as an enemy of society

Answer 19

-School

Question 20

Adler suggested that a major influence in childhood that we create our style of life from is…..

Answer 20

• Birth order

Question 21

What are a few aspects of being the first born child?

Answer 21

• Receive parents undivided attention until second child is born and their reign needs to be shared
• Act as a teacher, tutor, leader, and disciplinarian to subsequent siblings
• Often mature intellectually to a higher degree than younger siblings
• In adulthood they may grow up to feel insecure and hostile towards others ex: Freud

Question 22

With the second child, parents are typically less ____ and take a more relaxed approach.

Answer 22

• Relaxed

Question 23

The second born child may be locked in _______ w/ their older sibling, and may strive to catch up and surpass older sibling, or vice versa

Answer 23

• Competition

Question 24

The _____ born is often a high achiever in whatever work they undertake, and they often develop at a remarkably quick rate due to the need to surpass their older siblings

Answer 24

• Last

Question 25

What is a major benefit to being the last born child? What is a major downfall?

Answer 25

- Benefit: never risk dethronement | - Downfall: may become the "baby" and get pampered into dependency and helplessness

Question 26

This child is likely to have difficulties outside of the home bc they're not the centre of attn

Answer 26

- Only child

Question 27

The ____ child often matures early and manifests adult behaviours and attitudes

Answer 27

- Only

Question 28

What is unification of personality?

Answer 28

Feelings of inferiority --> compensation for feelings of inferiority --> guiding self ideal