Lecture 1

Question 0

Essential Nutrient

Answer 0

Cannot be synthesized in the body, myst be consumed in diet

Question 1

Nutrient

Answer 1

Needed for energy or for synthesis and/or function of biomolecules

Question 2

Non-Essential

Answer 2

Can be synthesized in body

Question 3

Macronutrient

Answer 3

Make up bulk of diet, needed in quantities of greater than 1 gram per day

Question 4

Micronutrients

Answer 4

Needed in quantities less than a few milligrams per day

Question 5

1 calorie(cal)

Answer 5

heat energy required to raise temp. of 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius

Question 6

Nutrient content claims

Answer 6

• Describes amount nutrient or calories per serving
• Pre-established by FDA based on fixed standards
• Foods and dietary supplements

Question 7

Health Claims

Answer 7

• Claim about how product may affect risk for disease or health related condition
• Two types; regular health claims and qualified health claim

Question 8

Regular health claims

Answer 8

• Supported by considerable scientific evidence

- pre-approved by FDA or NAS

Question 9

Qualified Health Claim

Answer 9

• Much lower standard of evidence
• requires petition to FDA
• must be accompanied by qualified statement
• allowed for both regular foods and dietary supplements

Question 10

Structure Function Claim

Answer 10

• Statement of the role that the nutrient is known to play in normal metabolism and physiology
• cannot link nutrient to overall health or decreased susceptibility to disease
• not pre-approved by FDA but must be truthful

Question 11

Types of scientific evidence

Answer 11

1) statistical correlations provided by epidemiological studies
2) evidence showing causal relationship

Question 12

Sources of scientific evidence

Answer 12

1) Primary research articles
2) Meta-analysis research article
3) Review article

Question 13

DRI

Answer 13

-Dietary reference intake standards

Question 14

EAR

Answer 14

• Estimated average requirement

- used to examine likelihood that intake is adequate in a population

Question 15

AI

Answer 15

• Adequate intake level

- used to examine likelihood that intake is adequate when no RDA is set for a nutrient

Question 16

UL

Answer 16

• Tolerable upper intake level

- used to examine likelihood of excess or toxicity

Question 17

RDA

Answer 17

• Recommended dietary allowance

- used as a goal to help ensure adequate intake in an individual

Question 18

EER

Answer 18

• Estimated energy requirement

- kcal that should be consumed per day