Lecture 1

Question 1

Define animal biotechnology

Answer 1

Use of living organisms to make, modify or improve productivity

Question 2

What does MAS allow (marker assisted selection)

Answer 2

Accurate selection of traits like carcass quality early in the life of the animal

Question 3

What occurs when transgenic animals

Answer 3

Augmenting hereditary DNA- Recombinant DNA tech

Question 4

What is the disadvantage of transgenic animals

Answer 4

Side-effects such as diabetes

Question 5

What are the 3 transgenic animal creation goals

Answer 5

1. Research into animal and human disease
2. Improve our understanding of gene function in animals
3. Use of animals as bioreactors

Question 6

Are the eggs already virus infected before you bring in the sperm

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What are the 3 draw back of transgenetics

Answer 7

1. Random integration of the inserted DNA
2. The eggs must be harvested and fertilised in vitro
3. More than one copy of the gene may get into the gnome

Question 8

Why can transgenic fish grow so much faster than wild fish

Answer 8

Extra copies of growth hormone

Question 9

Transgenic animals: what does gene transfer manipulate

Answer 9

Individual genes only

Question 10

Transgenic animals: are their genes transferred

Answer 10

Yes, to their offspring

Question 11

What is a transgenic animal

Answer 11

Genetically modified organisms with DNA from another source into their genome

Question 12

Are transgenic animals or animal products approved for human consumption

Answer 12

No

Question 13

Creating transgenic animals: where id the gene inserted into

Answer 13

Pronuclei of fertilised egg

Question 14

Recombinant retrovirus: what are eggs infected with prior to fertilisation

Answer 14

Virus

Question 15

Recombinant retrovirus: after the egg is infected, where does the virus integrate

Answer 15

Into one of the chromosome

Question 16

Describe how linker based sperm-mediated gene transfer (LB-SMGT)

Answer 16

Sperm fertilises the egg carrying the foreign gene into the egg where it is incorporated into the genome

Question 17

What is the gene that dairy cows can carry to produce 13% more milk

Answer 17

Casein genes

Question 18

In transgenic pigs where is phytase expressed

Answer 18

Salivary glands

Question 19

In pigs, when phytic acid is degraded what does it release

Answer 19

Phosphorus

Question 20

What happens to phosphorus in EnviroPigs

Answer 20

Absorbed, where it normally is passed and excreted as waste contributing to massive pollutant and cause eutrophication of lakes and streams

Question 21

What is the transgender used for in fish

Answer 21

Increase growth by utilising an antifreeze protein promoter connected to the GH cDNA

Question 22

How does the GH gene in fish work

Answer 22

As water temperature drops the GH gene is turned on so the fish continue to grow where they normally would not

Question 23

What is the function of antifreeze proteins

Answer 23

Lower the freezing temperature of blood and fluid

Question 24

What is Tracy

Answer 24

First transgenic anima to produce a recombinant protein in her milk

Question 25

What is alpha-1-antitrypsin used for

Answer 25

Treatment for emphysema and cystic fibrosis

Question 26

What do transgenic goats produce in their milk

Answer 26

Silk protein

Question 27

How do they get the silk from goat milk

Answer 27

Dried to produce a white power and then spun

Question 28

Who was the first transgenic primate

Answer 28

ANDi

Question 29

What were GloFish developed for

Answer 29

As a way to monitor water pollution