Flashcards in Lecture 1 - Introduction Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
1
Characteristics of NCDs
(5)
Complex etiology
Multiple risk factors
Prolonged course of illness
Often incurable
Mostly preventable
2
Types of NCDs
(9)
Diabetes
Cardiovascular Disease
Chronic neurologic disorders
Chronic Respiratory Disease
Mental illnesses
Unintentional injuries
Cancers
Autoimmune disease
Musculoskeletal disease
3
Modifiable Risk Factors
(4)
■ Tobacco use
■ Insufficient physical activity
■ Harmful alcohol
consumption
■ Excess salt/sodium intake
4
Non-Modifiable Risk Factor
(5)
■ Socioeconomic factors
■ Gender
■ Age
■ Family history
■ Race
5
**Four major NCDs are responsible for 70% of NCD
deaths
1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Lung Disease
4. Diabetes
6
2011 UN Political Declaration on NCDs
In September 2011, world leaders agreed on a roadmap of concrete commitments to address the global burden of NCDs
■ The set of actions is organized around six OBJECTIVES
7
WHO Global NCD Action Plan 2013- 2020
Goal:
■ To reduce the preventable and avoidable burden of morbidity, mortality and disability due to NCDs by means of multi-sectoral collaboration and cooperation at national, regional and global levels
■ Serves as a guide for Member States by providing policy guidance to help achieve progress on the 9 global NCD targets
8
The WHO Global NCD Action Plan 2013-2020 has six objectives
Objective 1: Strengthen international cooperation and advocacy
Objective 2: Stretnghtn national capacity, leadership, and partnerships
Objective 3**: Reduce exposure to modifiable risk factors
Objective 4**: Strengthen and orient health systems
Objective 5**: Promote and support national capacity for high quality research and devlopment
Objective 6: Monitor trends and evaluate profress in their prevention and control
9
Current challenges and suggestions
■ Countries can move from political commitment to action by prioritizing high-impact,
affordable interventions
■ All countries need to set national NCD targets and be accountable for attaining them
■ Structures and processes for multisectoral and intersectoral collaboration need to
be established
■ Investment in health systems is critical for improving NCD outcomes
■ Institutional and human resource capacities and financial resources for NCD
prevention and control require strengthening
10
Current challenges
■ High level commitment and concrete action plans are missing at the national level in many countries
■ Prevention and control programs remain underfunded
■ Strong health-care systems, including the information systems needed for reliable surveillance and monitoring, and the full engagement of non-health sectors, industry, civil society, and other partners
■ The overarching message is optimistic: current evidence unequivocally
demonstrates that non-communicable diseases are largely preventable
11
**Order these NCDs in order of mortality:
Cancer
Cardiovascular
Diabetes
Respiratory diseases
Other NCDS
1. Cardiovascular
2. Cancer
3. Other NCDs
4. Respiratory diseases
5. Diabetes
12
**What are some of the main objectives of the WHO
Objective 3: Reduce MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS
Objective 4: Strengthen HEALTH SYSTEM
Objective 5: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Objective 6: MONITOR HEALTH TRENDS
13
**Countries can move from political commitment to action by prioritizing _______-
high-impact,
affordable interventions
14
**All countries need to set national ________ and be accountable for attaining them
NCD targets
15
**Structures and processes for multisectoral and intersectoral ________ need to
be established
collaboration
16
**Investment in _______ is critical for improving NCD outcomes
health systems
17
**Institutional and human resource capacities and financial resources for NCD
___________ require strengthening
prevention and control
18
**Prevention and control programs remain _____
underfunded
19
**High level commitment and concrete action plans are ______ at the
national level in many countries
missing
20
**Strong health-care systems, including the information systems needed
for reliable __________, and the full engagement of
non-health sectors, industry, civil society, and other partners
surveillance and monitoring
21
**The overarching message is optimistic: current evidence unequivocally
demonstrates that non-communicable diseases are ________
largely preventable
22
Approxiamately ___% of all NCD deaths globally occur before the age of 70 years old?
42%
23
Total NCD deaths by WHO region from highest to lowest
1. Western Pacific Region
2. South East Asia Region
3. European Region
4. Americas
5. Africas
6. Eastern Mediterranean
24
What is the deadline for the 9 voluntary targets set by the WHA?
2025
25
What is the set date for the 6 action plans from WHO?
2020
26
There is a plan to target a ____% reduction in premature mortality form NCDs by 2025
25
27
We want a 25% reduction in what:
1. Overall mortality from CVD
2. BP rate
28
We want a 10% reduction in what:
1. Alcohol reduction
2. Insufficient physical activity
29
We want a 30% reduction in what:
1. Tabacco use
2. Salt intake
30
