Lecture 10 Flashcards
(27 cards)
electric diagnostic tools?
- ECG or EKG (electorcardiogram)
- EEG (electrocephalogram)
electrical theraputic devices?
- defibrillation or jump start
- control regular heart beat (pace maker)
- reduce or eliminate chronic pain
- control bladder and bowel movements
what is electricity?
the separation or manipulation of electric charges
what is bioelectricity?
electrical phenomena generated by living organisms (single cells, tissues, organs)
what does every living cells have?
transmembrane electrical potential voltage accross plasma membrane (seperation of charges
what are the charge carriers?
Na, K, Cl, Ca ect.
not electrons (e-)
what is the voltage (electrical potential)?
electrical potential difference expressed in volts (stored potential energy)
electrical activation of switches
- the switch of electrical currents??
(more)
electrical field lines
(more) opposite charges attract, like charges repel
What is the Nernst Equation used for?
to find out what voltage is good for a ion or the ( K+ equilibrium potential)
- keeps leaving until a certain number
what is the final membrane voltage?
more negative = hyperpolarization
more positive = depolarization
- based on concentration gradient
what is G in the goldman-hodgkans-katz equation
g is relative conductance (ease of crossing the membrane)
what is the relative equilibrium potential for Na
positive (depolarization)
what is the relative equilibrium potential for Ca
positive (depolarization)
what is the relative equilibrium potential for Cl
negative (hyperpolarization)
what is the relative equilibrium potential for K
negative (hyperpolarization)
what is the distribution of charge across plasma membrane for Na outside and inside?
inside: Low
outside: high
what is the distribution of charge across plasma membrane for Ca outside and inside?
inside low
outside high
what is the distribution of charge across plasma membrane for Cl outside and inside?
inside high
outside low
what is the distribution of charge across plasma membrane for K outside and inside?
outside low
inside high
what is the distribution of charge across plasma membrane for protein anions outside and inside?
outside low
inside high
why does a plasma membrane depolarize (more positive)
- causes a rise in cytosolic Ca 2+
when a rise in cytosolic Ca what does this cause?
- exocytosis of neurotransmitters
- exocytosis of amino acid based hormones
- contraction of muscle (skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle)
how can membranes be depolarized?
when:
- Na channels open
- Ca channels open
- K channels Close
- Cl channels close
- protein anions close
