Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biochem 2 > Lecture 10 - Carbohydrate Anabolism 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 - Carbohydrate Anabolism 1 Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the delta G of the photosynthesis reaction?

A

2868 kJ/mol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define photosynthesis

A

The formation of carbohydrates from CO2 and H2O using light as an energy source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the photosynthesis reaction?

A

6 CO2 + 6 H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the electron acceptor in the photosynthesis reaction?

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the electron donor in the photosynthesis reaction for green plants and algae?

A

H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What gets reduced in the photosynthesis reaction and what does it become?

A

Carbon dioxide to carbohydrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What gets oxidized in the photosynthesis reaction and what does it become (for green plants and algae)?

A

H2O to O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which 2 processes give rise to the carbon cycle?

A

Respiration and photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the electron donor in the photosynthesis reaction for green sulfur bacteria?

A

H2S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the electron donor in the photosynthesis reaction for purple non-sulfur bacteria?

A

Isopropanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What gets oxidized in the photosynthesis reaction and what does it become (for green sulfur bacteria)?

A

H2S to 12S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What gets oxidized in the photosynthesis reaction and what does it become (for purple non-sulfur bacteria)?

A

Isopropanol to acetone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 reactions that occur during photosynthesis?

A

1) Electrons (on carriers) are generated from the electron donor
2) Electrons (from carrier) reduces the CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of hill reagents?

A

Shows that reduced electron carriers are produced independent of CO2 using light energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some examples of hill reagents?

A

Fe3+, NADP+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of heavy oxygen?

A

Shows that the molecular oxygen used in photosynthesis was derived from H2O, not CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference between heavy oxygen and normal oxygen?

A

Heavy oxygen is an isotope of normal oxygen, with 18 electrons instead of 16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur in eukaryotic plants?

A

Chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What absorbs light energy in the chloroplast?

A

Pigments in the thylakoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Enzymes involved in CO2 reduction are located in _____

A

The stroma surrounding the thylakoid membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What occurs in the light stage of photosynthesis?

A
  • Light energy is absorbed by the membrane for the production of NADPH and ATP
  • Water is oxidized to O2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the light stage of photosynthesis occur?

Study These Flashcards
A

Membrane of thylakoid vesicles

23
Q

What occurs in the dark stage of photosynthesis?

Study These Flashcards
A

CO2 is reduced to carbohydrates using NADPH and ATP from the light stage

24
Q

Is light required for the dark stage of photosynthesis?

25
Where does the dark stage of photosynthesis occur?
Stroma
26
The principal light absorbing pigment is ______
Chlorophyll
27
Chlorophyll and other pigments form a _____
Light harvesting complex
28
What does light energy have properties of?
Both a particle and a wave
29
What is the formula for the speed of light?
c = (lambda)(v) / wavelength * frequency
30
What is the relationship between energy and wavelength?
Inverse
31
What is the relationship between energy and frequency?
Direct
32
Do UV rays have a long or short wavelength and what does this mean for energy?
Short wavelength, so high energy
33
Chlorophyll absorbs in the ___ region of the visible spectrum and supplementary excitations can occur in the ____ region
- Red/lower energy | - Blue
34
Chlorophyll reflects light in the _____ region
Green
35
How does chlorophyll absorb light energy?
- Photon hits the aromatic rings of chlorophyll (photoexcitation) - Pushes electrons of chlorophyll or other pigment into a higher energy state - Electrons return back to ground state and release energy and energy is "captured" as the electrons pass to a photosystem
36
What is important about molecules with aromatic components that have conjugated bonds with pi-electrons?
The pi-electrons are photoexcited at lower energy levels because they are less tightly bound
37
_____ wavelengths produce higher energy excitation
Shorter
38
What does photosystem 1 consist of?
- 16 proteins - 168 chlorophylls - Carotenoids - Fe-S clusters - Phylloquinones
39
What is another name for photosystem 1?
P700
40
What is another name for photosystem 2?
P680
41
What do P700 and P680 do together?
Move electrons from H2O to reduce NADP+ to NADPH
42
What is important of a photoexcited electron?
It is less tightly bound to the molecule and can be given up more easily, therefore the molecule is a better reducing agent
43
What is the change in reduction potential for photosystem 2?
1.0 V -> -0.6 V
44
What is the change in reduction potential for photosystem 1?
0.4 V -> -1.0 V
45
How many times is an electron photoexcited to produce NADPH and ATP?
Twice
46
How is O2 produced during photosynthesis?
By the oxidation of H2O in the oxygen evolving complex
47
How is ATP produced during photosynthesis and what is this process called?
- Electrons flow through a photosystem, allowing protons to be pumped across a membrane to form a gradient - Gradient is exploited by ATPase to produce 3 ATP - Process is called photophosphorylation
48
Photosystem 2 is a _______ type system
Pheophytin-quinone
49
Photosystem 1 is a _____ type system
Ferridoxin
50
Does photosystem 2 contain more chlorophyll a or b?
About equal amounts
51
Does photosystem 1 contain more chlorophyll a or b?
A
52
______ carries an electron between the 2 photosystems
Plastocyanin
53
What are the molecules in order in the cytochrome bf-quinone complex?
Plastoquinone -> cytochrome bf -> plastocyanin
54
What does the oxygen evolving complex contain and what is its function?
- Contains manganese - Pulls electrons out of water to replace the electrons that move from PS 2 -> PS 1 -> NADP+ and generates molecular oxygen

Biochem 2 (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions