Lecture 10- Joint Disease

Question 1

osteoarthritis

Answer 1

• set of overlapping inflammatory and degenerative conditions affecting synovial joints
• one of most common conditions seen in archaeological record
• largely bone forming disease

Question 2

osteoarthritis characterized by what?

Answer 2

1) -erosion of subchondral bone resulting from cartilage degeneration
2) -sclerosis of the subchondral cortical bone
3) -proliferation of bone and cartilage at joint margins
4) - joint contour modification
- knee most frequently involved

Question 3

vertebral osteophytosis

Answer 3

• OA is degradation of synovial membrane
• reflects degeneration of vertebral disks
• changes include osteophytosis on the margins of vertebral bodies

Question 4

Shmorls Nodes

Answer 4

-degeneration of and/or trauma to intervertebral disks may lead to herniation the annulus fibroses and expulsion of nucleus pulposus

Question 5

How is OA identified?

Answer 5

• often associated with old age

- complex etiology including sex, age, body mass, trauma, infection etc.

Question 6

what are the two types of OA

Answer 6

• primary Osteoarthritis

- secondary Osteoarthritis

Question 7

primary Osteoarthritis

Answer 7

increased prevalence in advanced age usually affects multiple joints

Question 8

secondary Osteoarthritis

Answer 8

occurs earlier in life commonly associated with a secondary infection or pathology

Question 9

OA complications

Answer 9

-pain, swelling, stiffness, crepitus, decreased or altered range of motion

Question 10

DISH

Answer 10

• hyperostosis of vertebral column and ossification of extraspinal entheses
• occurs in conjunction with OA
• more common in males
• ankylosis (“dripping candle wax”)

Question 11

DISH diagnoses

Answer 11

• fusion of at least 4 vertebrae
• retention of intervertebral disk space and vertebral end plates
• pronounced ossification of entheses
• possible sacroilliac fusion with bony bridges

Question 12

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Answer 12

• most common erosive arthropathy (1%)
• autoimmune disease that attacks hyaline cartilage of synovial joints
• hands first then knee, EMJ, wrist, shoulder, elbow

Question 13

RA disease progression

Answer 13

• 1) synovial inflammation
• 2) necrosis of synovium with proliferation of pannus that leads to destruction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone
• 3) condition that can terminate with subluxation and/or ankylosis

Question 14

RA affects large joints…

Answer 14

• osteoporosis of articular ends

- resorption of subchondral bone

Question 15

RA affects small joints…

Answer 15

-subluxation indicated by extension of articular surface and possible unilateral marginal lipping