Lecture 10 - Personality Flashcards
Biological Approach
Suggests that significant parts of our personality is genetically inherited
Psychodynamic Approach
Your personality is unconscious and motivated by inner forces and conflicts that we are not consciously aware of.
Freud’s Interpretation
ID: Instinctual driving force or our personality that operates on pleasure principle. Immediate satisfaction to primitive hunger, thirst , sex, and aggression.
EGO: balance their desires of the id with the realities of the environment.
SUPEREGO: judges the morality of our behavior as taught or modeled to us though society, parents, and teachers, etc.
Oral Stage (0-1)
Freud’s Sexual Stages
Interest in oral gratification from sucking, eating, mouth biting
Anal Stage (1-3)
Freud’s Sexual Stages
Gratification from expelling or witholding feces: toiled training isn an important part of this process
Phallic Stage (3-6)
Freud’s Sexual Stages
Interest in genitals and coming to terms with Oedipus complex is the primary focus. Boys will develop castration castration anxiety and girls with experience penis envy.
Latency Period (5/6-adolescence)
Freud’s Sexual Stages
Sexual energy is repressed and transformed into forming relationships and learning new tasks.
Genital Stage (adolescence-death)
Freud’s Sexual Stages
Re-emergence of sexual desires with an interest in on sexual intercourse
Repression
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Unacceptable thoughts/impulses are pushed into unconscious mind
Regression
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Retreating to earlier level of development
Stomping your feet/throwing a tantrum
Displacement
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Shifting unwanted feelings/thoughts from a more threatening target to a less threatening target
(taking anger out on someone else)
Rationalization
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Provide self-justifying excuse in place of actual and more threatening reason reason for behavior
(Justifying - blaming it on something)
Denial
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Refusing to accept or acknowledge information that is causing anxiety
Projection
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
attributing unwanted feelings to someone else
projecting a feeling towards another person - hypocritical
Sublimation
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Divert unwanted impulses into socially acceptable behavior
Joining the army because you have violent intentions
Reaction Formation
Freud’s Defense Mechanism
Acting in opposite manner of true feelings
teasing someone you actually like
Jung
Neo-Freudian Psychodynamic Perspective
Emphasized the collective unconscious - inherited set of ideas, feelings, images and symbols that are shared with all humans, and archetypes - universal symbolic representations of types of people, objects, ideas, or experiences.
Horney
Neo-Freudian Psychodynamic Perspective
Personality develops in the context of social relationships and culture, and the parent-child relationship is particularly important
Adler
Neo-Freudian Psychodynamic Perspective
Primary human motivation is striving for self-improvement. Adults who have not overcome feelings inadequacy will develop an inferiority complex
Humanistic Approach
We have an innate goodness and desire to achieve higher levels of functioning
Self Actualization
Humanistic Approach
Realizing our highest potential (Maslow’s highest hierarchy of needs)
Unconditional Positive Regard
Humanistic Approach
We have an innate desire for unconditional acceptance/respect, which can lead us to self-actualization
Behaviorist Approach
Personality is a collection of learned behavioral patterns that come about through the contingencies of reinforcement.
Social Cognitive Approach
Our thoughts, feelings, expectations, values and observations of other’s behavior shape our personality.
