LECTURE 11A: ELBOW ANATOMY Flashcards by Rebecca Nam

what are the 3 elbow complex joints?

humero-ulnar
humero-radial
proximal radio-ulnar

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humero-ulnar articulation
1. what is the medial side?
2. what is posterior articulation?

medial side: medial lip of trochlea and trochlear notch of ulna
olecranon: posterior articulation of humero-ulnar joint

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Humero-radial articulation:
what is the lateral side?

lateral side: concave radial head, convex capitulum (humerus)

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All three elbow joints share a ____

capsule! They are under one house

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T or F: The humero-ulnar joint (the big one) is very stable

T, very stable! lots of bony congruency unlike the shoulder

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At the humero-radial articulation, the radial head resists _____ stress at elbow

VALGUS stress (bc it is concave)

also ligaments to help out!

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Proximal radio-ulnar joint is made of ____, ____, and _____

radial head, annular ligament ring, radial fossa of ulna

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The proximal radio-ulnar articulation is held together by

interosseous membrane

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what joint does mainly pronation and supination?

Proximal Radio-ulnar articulation

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optimal motion consists of:
___ pronation
___ supination

70° pronation & 80° of supination

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functionally, what ROM is needed at elbow?

30 degrees of extension, 130 degrees of flexion

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Does the elbow heal well?

Yeah! good blood flow

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Is the elbow good at compensating?

No! Since it is really strong and stable, it will not compensate/adjust well.
Tiny bad things can cause a lot of problems (small osteophyte = big problem)

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Is the elbow prone to overuse injury?

HECK YEAH

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capsular pattern of humero-ulnar joint

flex loss > ext loss

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closed packed position of humero-ulnar joint

full ext, full forearm supination

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The medial side is longer than the lateral side of the elbow. Why?

longer at the elbow bc of carrying angle (?)

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Why do females have a larger carrying angle?

more lax = more hyperextension
medial ulna travels laterally during extension

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open packed position of humero-ulnar joint

70° flex, 10° forearm supination

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humero-radial joint is what type of joint and has what motions?

Uniaxial hinge joint (2 DOF)
Flex/ext
Spin

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CPP of humeral radial joint

90° flex, 5° forearm supination

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OPP position of humero radial joint

full ext, full forearm supination

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capsular pattern of humero-radial joint

Study These Flashcards

No real capsular pattern

proximal radio-ulnar joint: will you lose ROM when this is the issue?

Study These Flashcards

not really, it is the end range pain

proximal radial-ulnar joint is a _ joint with _ DOF

pivot joint with 1 DOF spins w/ pronation and supination

The proximal radio-ulnar joint is connected by _ with _ forming 80% of the articular surface

interosseous membrane 80% articular surface = annular ligament

CPP and OPP of PRUJ capsular pattern

CPP: 5 supination OPP: 70 flex, 35 supination capsular: pain at end range pron/sup, no big motion loss

What type of joint is the DRUJ? CPP and OPP capsular pattern

pivot joint 1 DOF spin with pron/sup CPP: 5 supination OPP: 10 supination capsular: minimal motion loss, pain at end range pron and sup

The anterior joint capsule is taut in _ the posterior capsule is taut in _

anterior: full extension posterior: full flexion

greatest extensiblity and mob position of the elbow joint capsule

b/t 70-90° flex

If you injure the elbow, how easy is it to regain motion?

NOT THAT EASY: does not respond well to injury forms thick scar tissue = contractures due to less motion/WB

medial ligament complex/UCL is the primary restrain to ____

valgus stress at elbow (the most common way to go is valgus in injury)

What part of the UCL gets hurt the most?

anterior: strongest and stiffest

radial-collateral ligament = lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is primary restraint to _____ at elbow

postero-lateral instability at elbow | fork, attaches to both radius and ulna

LCL is taut in ____

full supination *provides some varus stabiltiy

What are 2 distinct components of the lateral ligament complex?

Radial collateral ligament Lateral (ulnar) collateral ligament | less discrete, kinda look like capsule thickeniings

annular ligament does what?

very strong loop around radial head! maintains proximal radial-ulnar joint relationship *not likely to tear, more likely to pop out under | Internal circumference lined w/ cartilage to ↓ friction

main WB joint of the wrist? of the elbow?

wrist: radial-carpal elbow: humero-ulnar *interosseous membrane assists in force transfer from radius to ulna

interosseous membrane fibers are directed away from teh radius in a _______ direction

oblique medial direction

The interosseous membrane is also called ________ , a collagen sheet that binds radius and ulna together

radioulnar syndesmosis

____ provides attachment sites for deep muscles of forearm

interosseous membrane

flexor pronator strain in baseball is common. Why?

They go together, and baseball is throwing motion (flexion + pronation)

What elbow muscles are anterior/flexor group

Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis

What elbow muscles are posterior/extensor group

Triceps brachii Anconeus

fibro-osseous canal through which ulnar nerve passes through

cubital tunnel | SUPER SUPERFICIAL

What increases cubital tunnel volume?

elbow held in extension

What decreases cubital tunnel volume?

full elbow flexion, space occupying lesions, OA, RA, heterotopic bone formation, trauma to nerve

borders of the cubital tunnel

Floor – UCL Roof – aponeurosis, arcuate lig Posterior – medial head of triceps Anterior – medial epicondyle Lateral – olecranon

borders of the cubital fossa

Lateral – brachioradialis, ECRL Medial – PT Proximal – imaginary line that passes through humeral condyles Floor – brachialis

cubital fossa contents

distal biceps tendon median n. brachial a. radial n. medial cubital cutaneous v.

Elbow has good blood and nerve supply! What are the arteries?

1. brachial artery 2. radial artery 3. ulnar artery 4. middle and radial collateral arteries 5. superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries

Posterior / extensor-supinator forearm group

Supinator ECRL, ECRB, EDC, EDM, EI, ECU, APL

Anterior / flexor-pronator forearm group

Pronator teres Pronator quadratus FCR, FCU, FDS, FDP, PL

If you lose flexion/extension, will you lose supination/pronation?

YES, interdependent, esp at end ROM they share a joint capsule

normal vs functional ROM flexion/extension supination/pronation

flexion/extension: 0-145 functional: 30-130 supination/pronation: 85, 75 functional: 50, 50

LECTURE 11A: ELBOW ANATOMY Flashcards

(55 cards)