Lecture 12

Question 1

What is a nation?

Answer 1

Idealized image of Society as culturally, ethnically, or linguistically unified whole: you inherit national identity, it’s apart of who you are

Question 2

What is nation-state?

Answer 2

A raving state institution that identifies is Jett as a stake of a ethnic cultural group, not just as a impartial governing institution

Question 3

What is the state?

Answer 3

• The most prominent social body responsible for setting rules that govern us as a whole, and the whole network of institutions it involves.
• society’s way of administrating itself as a whole

Question 4

What is cybernetics?

Answer 4

Study of society conscious mechanisms of control.

Question 5

In the levels of power what is state?

Answer 5

The overall centralized and social apparatus of decision making and administrative.

Question 6

What is government in the levels of power?

Answer 6

• branch of state tasked with decision making and setting policy
• the political part

Question 7

What is state institutions in the levels of state?

Answer 7

• Carry out policy, keep peace, mantain law and order
• police, health service, etc.

Question 8

What is civil Society in the levels of state?

Answer 8

• The lest of Society, considered as a broad whole
• (usually) includes economy, media, religion, etc.
• not centerally administrative, more spontaneous

Question 9

What is bureaucracy?

Answer 9

• trained professional officials, operating by set rules and procedures to administrative organizations.
  -For Weber, it is an inevital part of complex modern Society

Question 10

What is the public sphere?

Answer 10

A third space between private home life and political state, in which free debate takes place to form the public voice and influence the powerful

Question 11

What is lifeworld? (habermas)

Answer 11

Common beliefs and values in a community people draw on in communication

Question 12

What are some aspects of a lifeworld interaction?

Answer 12

Free, spontaneous, and creative.

Question 13

What is a system?

Answer 13

Impersonal social structures that ease social interaction by automating it.

Question 14

Wheat are some aspects of a system interaction?

Answer 14

Limited, strict rules.

Question 15

What are the decision-makers in a liberal-democracy like?

Answer 15

Public sphere mostly open, citizens can sun what they want, vote freely etc.

Question 16

What are the decision- makers in an authoritarianism like?

Answer 16

Strong central leader, little public OPP. May very on force for compliance.

Question 17

Where are the decision-makers in a totalitarianism like?

Answer 17

One party centralized state in which distinction of state and party is blurred.

Question 18

What are lives like for those of a liberal - democracy?

Answer 18

Strong protections for private sphere, which govt. Shouldn’t be involved in.

Question 19

What are lives like for those of an Authoritarianism?

Answer 19

Largely allows citizens to live private lives (though may monitor them)

Question 20

What are lives like for those of a totalitiarism?

Answer 20

Limited private life, and may be absorbed into state

Question 21

Who has a liberal-democracy?

Answer 21

Canada!!

Question 22

Who has an Authoritarianism ?

Answer 22

Vladimir Putin, Louis XIV

Question 23

Who has a totalitarianism ?

Answer 23

Stalinism, Nazism

Question 24

What are the 3 branches of govt.?

Answer 24

Executive, legislative, judicial

Question 25

Who's in the executive branch and what do they to?

Answer 25

• prime minister, president. Carry out laws.

Question 26

Who's in the legislative branch and what do they do?

Answer 26

•parliament, MPs, make the laws

Question 27

Who is the judicial branch and what do they do?

Answer 27

• Judges,juries-interpret and apply laws.

Question 28

What is direct democracy?

Answer 28

Entire body of citizens maki an decisions on state affairs. Everyone is apart of the govt.

Question 29

What is representative democracy?

Answer 29

Citizens vote for representatives to make decisions for them in parliment(MPs)

Question 30

What is proportional representation?

Answer 30

MP's chosen on party's national share of vote.

Question 31

What is the First-pass-the-post system.?

Answer 31

MP's chosen individually by local riding / constituency (Canada).

Question 32

What is pluralism?

Answer 32

no single or individual ruling ideas, they try to include many different voices, govt. Protects this diversity.

Question 33

What is citizenship?

Answer 33

- Political membership in a state, granting rights and liberties protected by govt. Institutions - Legal status distinct from cultural belonging.

Question 34

What are the legalities Civil liberties?

Answer 34

- Legal protections against interference in individual life by the state. - ‘Negative’: they restrain government.

Question 35

What are examples of Civil liberties?

Answer 35

Free speech; no arbitrary arrest and detention without trial.

Question 36

What are the legalities Civil Rights?

Answer 36

- Legally-enforced guarantee of fair, equal treatment for all members of society. - ‘Positive’: govt acts to protect them.

Question 37

What is the Economic CLASS?

Answer 37

Possession of material WEALTH

Question 38

What is the Economic CLASS determined by?

Answer 38

Determined by ‘market situation’: are you able to buy what you want?

Question 39

What is Social STATUS GROUP?

Answer 39

Attribution of HONOUR, prestige, or privilege

Question 40

What is a Social STATUS GROUP definded by?

Answer 40

Defined by ‘style of life... expected of all those who wish to belong.’

Question 41

What is the purpose of a Political PARTY?

Answer 41

Control of legal or political POWER

Question 42

Who is a Political PARTY?

Answer 42

Individuals form parties of those with similar ends to achieve aims & control state

Question 43

What is the IEMP model of social power

Answer 43

Question 44

What is Polyarchy?

Answer 44

- Decisions emerge from multiple different sources of power, not necessarily from single state controlled by tight-knit group. - State itself may be unitary, but it does not exercise power in one-directional way.

Question 45

What is Power Elite?

Answer 45

C. Wright Mill’s term for small group at the top, including wealthiest businessmen, political leaders, old ruling classes who have effective control over power.

Question 46

What is a Vertical Mosaic?

Answer 46

Porter’s term to describe power hierarchy in Canada: a vertical hierarchy of racial or ethnic groups ( not a collection of equal but distinct groups, as previously assumed).

Question 47

What is political Closure?

Answer 47

Weber’s and (later) Frank Parkin’s term for the way elites maintain position by monopolising opportunities to members of own group/

Question 48

What are exapmples of political closure?

Answer 48

Examples include limiting country club membership to one ethnic group/gender.

Question 49

What is Class consciousness?

Answer 49

Individual’s awareness of class position and corresponding interests & needs OR the whole class’s awareness of its shared interests as a class.

Question 50

What is False consciousness?

Answer 50

Misguided beliefs held by dominated group, taking on ideology of rulers.

Question 51

What does False consciousness limit?

Answer 51

These beliefs limit their ability to see class interests and so reject ruling class

Question 52

What are Class politics?

Answer 52

Broad term to describe political behaviour based on class origin, e.g. voting for parties representing your class, choosing policies to benefit a class etc.