Lecture 13 Flashcards
(19 cards)
describe an example of when new enviro attitudes were able to radically transform nature
history of european exapnsion
* started internal then expanded out due to population
by end of internal expansion the forest cover in Europe was reduced from ____ to barely _____ of land
90% to barely 20%
population in Europe has had a dramatic growth in the last ____ years
500 years
bubonic plague slowed population by wiping out over a _____ of population in mid 14 century
wiping out over a quarter of pop
in 15th century Europe underwent its __________ and launched a period of _____ change
underwent its 2nd external phase of expansion and launched a period of enviro change
what is another word for European external expansion
colonialism
2 impulses of european colonialism
- running out of land so monarchs sent out to conquer more
- needed to expand emerging systems of trade by creating new markets
enviro effects of European colonization
- introduction of Old World plants & animals into New World ecosystems and vice versa
ecosystem
community of different species interacting with each-other and the enviro around it
ecological imperialism
introduction of exotic plants and animals to new ecosystems
examples of New World & Old World crops and animals
New World (American) - corn, tobacco, cotton
Old World (Europe) - wheat, sugarcane, horses & cattle
what increased types & amounts of food worldwide
ecological imperialism
a result of exchange of plants & animals
worlds landscape became increasingly homogenized, similar stuff across the world
the ___ World got more animal power which did what
New World
- Ox
- intensive to extensive production (large area with less labour)
what has had biggest impact on natural world
industrialization
most significant breakthrough of Industrial Revolution
use of fossil fuels; coal, oil & gas
primary energy sources for world come from (3)
1st - oil
2nd - coal
3rd - natural gas
describe hydropower
was preferred but still have negative impacts to surrounding landscape/plants/ animals
*produce harmful chemicals into water
*can incubate mosquitoes = malaria
what are clean / profitable renewable energy sources
- sun
- wind
- water tides
