Lecture 13- IGNORE Flashcards
(41 cards)
What symmetry do Arthropods have?
Bilateral symmetry
What’s 4 characteristics of Arthropods
- Protostomes
- Coelomate
- Segmentation
- Jointed limbs (uni/biramous)
What are the 4 classes of Arthropoda
- Chelicerata (spiders, scorpions, ticks, horseshoe crab)
- Crustacea (crabs, shrimps, lobster, barnacles)
- Hexapoda (insects)
- Myriapoda (centipedes, milipedes)
What are 6 key adaptations for life on land for Arthropods and why are they so successful?
- Waxy Cuticle: resist drying out
- Respiratory system: oxygen from air
- Modification of appendages: strong muscles/support
- Sensory adaptations: chemical senses to vision/sound
- Internal fertilisation: gametes
- Thermoregulatory adaptions: withstand extreme temps
How many orders do Hexapods have and how many do Entognatha
28 Orders (insects) + 3 Orders (Entognatha)
Name 7 characteristics of Hexapods
- Triploblastic
- Bilaterally symmetrical
- Coelomate
- Exoskeleton made of chitin
- Undergoes moulting
- Jointed appendages
- Segmented body
What are the 3 body parts of Insects
- Head
- Thorax
- Abdomen
What are 3 parts of the head
- pair of antennae
- eyes with ommati
- diverse mouthparts
What are the 3 parts of thorax
- 3 pairs of jointed legs
- 2 pairs of wings
- Respiration system
What are the 2 parts of the abdomen
- tracheae
- reproductive and digestive structures
What are the 4 sensory characteristics of insects and what do they include
Smell- Antennae, hairs, receptors
Ears: Tympanum, vibrations
Taste- receptors, mouthparts, hairs
Eyes: simple and compound eyes, pixelated world, UV
How do hexapods grow despite having a hard exoskeleton?
They undergo moulting (ecdysis).
What sensory functions do antennae serve in hexapods?
Chemosensation and touch.
What are compound eyes composed of?
Ommatidia (many lenses).
How do hexapods “hear”?
Through vibrations detected by tympanum structures.
Name the main types of insect mouthparts.
Chewing, piercing/sucking, sponging, siphoning.
What are the 3 main components of the mouth and which one manipulates food
Maxillae: manipulates food
Labium: cover mouthparts
Mandible: jaws
Which insects have piercing/sucking mouthparts
Mosquitoes (blood), Aphids (plant fluid)
Which siphoning mouthpart forms a proboscis in butterflies and moths?
Coiled maxillae.
What insect has sponge mouthparts
Flies
How many pairs of legs do hexapods have?
Three pairs of uniramous jointed legs.
What are some modifications of insect legs?
Jumping, digging, prey capture (raptorial forelimbs).
How many pairs of wings do most insects have?
Two pairs (some have one pair or none).
What connects the 5 jointed sections to each leg
Flexible cuticle
